Document and Entity Information |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2018
shares
| |
| Document and Entity Information | |
| Entity Registrant Name | Leju Holdings Ltd |
| Entity Central Index Key | 0001596856 |
| Document Type | 20-F |
| Document Period End Date | Dec. 31, 2018 |
| Amendment Flag | false |
| Current Fiscal Year End Date | --12-31 |
| Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer | No |
| Entity Voluntary Filers | No |
| Entity Current Reporting Status | Yes |
| Entity Filer Category | Non-accelerated Filer |
| Entity Emerging Growth Company | true |
| Entity Ex Transition Period | false |
| Entity Shell Company | false |
| Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 135,763,962 |
| Document Fiscal Year Focus | 2018 |
| Document Fiscal Period Focus | FY |
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- Definition If the value is true, then the document is an amendment to previously-filed/accepted document. No definition available.
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- Definition End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD. No definition available.
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- Definition This is focus fiscal period of the document report. For a first quarter 2006 quarterly report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, the first fiscal quarter should be given as the fiscal period focus. Values: FY, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, H1, H2, M9, T1, T2, T3, M8, CY. No definition available.
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- Definition This is focus fiscal year of the document report in CCYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006. No definition available.
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- Definition The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented. If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD. No definition available.
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- Definition The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'. No definition available.
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- Definition Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument. No definition available.
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- Definition Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure. No definition available.
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- Definition Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
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- Definition Indicate if registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef
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- Definition Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. No definition available.
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- Definition Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A. No definition available.
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition Amount received from potential customers for the potential purchase of goods or services, classified as current. It is a refund liability if the customers decide not to purchase the services, otherwise, it will be earned as revenue. No definition available.
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- Definition Amount of obligation related to the accrued marketing and advertising expenses. No definition available.
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- Definition Represents the carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable for other taxes. No definition available.
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- Definition Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer), for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, reduced to the estimated net realizable fair value by an allowance established by the entity of the amount it deems uncertain of collection. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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- Definition Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of the unpaid sum of the known and estimated amounts payable to satisfy all currently due domestic and foreign income tax obligations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Value received from shareholders in common stock-related transactions that are in excess of par value or stated value and amounts received from other stock-related transactions. Includes only common stock transactions (excludes preferred stock transactions). May be called contributed capital, capital in excess of par, capital surplus, or paid-in capital. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Represents the caption on the face of the balance sheet to indicate that the entity has entered into (1) purchase or supply arrangements that will require expending a portion of its resources to meet the terms thereof, and (2) is exposed to potential losses or, less frequently, gains, arising from (a) possible claims against a company's resources due to future performance under contract terms, and (b) possible losses or likely gains from uncertainties that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events that are deemed likely to occur do occur or fail to occur. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of right to consideration in exchange for good or service transferred to customer when right is conditioned on something other than passage of time, classified as current. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences with jurisdictional netting. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition The aggregate amount of receivables to be collected from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth, at the financial statement date. which are usually due within one year (or one business cycle). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties. For classified balance sheets, represents the current portion of such liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Total of the carrying values as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for obligations related to services received from employees, such as accrued salaries and bonuses, payroll taxes and fringe benefits. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI). Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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- Definition Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of investment in equity method investee and investment in and advance to affiliate. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which is directly or indirectly attributable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (that is, noncontrolling interest, previously referred to as minority interest). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of cash restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
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- Definition The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition The amount of an asset, typically cash, provided to a counterparty to provide certain assurance of performance by the entity pursuant to the terms of a written or oral agreement, such as a lease. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- References No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of stockholders' equity (deficit), net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity, attributable to both the parent and noncontrolling interests. Amount excludes temporary equity. Alternate caption for the concept is permanent equity. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) |
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accounts receivable, allowance for doubtful accounts | $ 18,195,382 | $ 21,827,663 | |||
| Accounts payable | 803,275 | 2,949,725 | [1] | ||
| Accrued payroll and welfare expenses | 30,628,336 | 37,081,532 | [1] | ||
| Income tax payable | 58,029,858 | 63,380,153 | [1] | ||
| Other tax payable | 12,675,205 | 11,654,145 | [1] | ||
| Amounts due to related parties | 3,477,193 | 3,092,870 | [1] | ||
| Advances from customers | 26,872,685 | 10,564,818 | [1] | ||
| Accrued marketing and advertising expenses | 14,895,973 | 18,851,999 | [1] | ||
| Other current liabilities | 12,998,663 | 16,315,380 | [1] | ||
| Deferred tax liabilities | $ 14,779,770 | $ 18,016,186 | [1] | ||
| Common stock, par value (in dollars per share) | $ 0.001 | $ 0.001 | |||
| Common stock, shares authorized | 1,000,000,000 | 1,000,000,000 | |||
| Common stock, shares issued | 135,763,962 | 135,763,962 | |||
| Common stock, shares outstanding | 135,763,962 | 135,763,962 | |||
| Consolidated VIEs without recourse | |||||
| Accounts payable | $ 225,700 | $ 1,771,717 | |||
| Accrued payroll and welfare expenses | 23,622,869 | 28,021,779 | |||
| Income tax payable | 25,597,112 | 25,705,206 | |||
| Other tax payable | 11,730,876 | 11,166,308 | |||
| Amounts due to related parties | 3,862,779 | 1,245,000 | |||
| Advances from customers | 26,576,831 | 10,050,703 | |||
| Accrued marketing and advertising expenses | 9,439,740 | 14,117,697 | |||
| Other current liabilities | 10,338,171 | 15,606,182 | |||
| Deferred tax liabilities | $ 275,223 | $ 414,505 | |||
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount received from potential customers for the potential purchase of goods or services, classified as current. It is a refund liability if the customers decide not to purchase the services, otherwise, it will be earned as revenue. No definition available.
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- Definition Amount of obligation related to the accrued marketing and advertising expenses. No definition available.
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- Definition Represents the carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable for other taxes. No definition available.
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- Definition Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of the unpaid sum of the known and estimated amounts payable to satisfy all currently due domestic and foreign income tax obligations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition A valuation allowance for trade and other receivables due to an Entity within one year (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer) that are expected to be uncollectible. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Face amount or stated value per share of common stock. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences with jurisdictional netting. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties. For classified balance sheets, represents the current portion of such liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Total of the carrying values as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for obligations related to services received from employees, such as accrued salaries and bonuses, payroll taxes and fringe benefits. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Details
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| Revenues | |||
| Net revenues | $ 462,030,656 | $ 362,532,033 | $ 559,511,110 |
| Cost of revenues | (72,909,834) | (74,054,524) | (57,491,395) |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | (402,257,946) | (434,275,879) | (521,797,022) |
| Goodwill impairment | (41,222,971) | 0 | |
| Other operating income, net | 2,163,443 | 3,071,865 | 4,586,746 |
| Loss from operations | (10,973,681) | (183,949,476) | (15,190,561) |
| Interest income | 1,085,785 | 1,313,512 | 1,312,533 |
| Other income (loss), net | (4,219,193) | 480,495 | 619,750 |
| Loss on disposal of investment or subsidiaries | (185,777) | ||
| Loss before taxes and loss from equity in affiliates | (14,107,089) | (182,155,469) | (13,444,055) |
| Income tax benefits | 1,334,340 | 20,328,252 | 2,067,739 |
| Loss before loss from equity in affiliates | (12,772,749) | (161,827,217) | (11,376,316) |
| Loss from equity in affiliates, net of tax of nil | (78,634) | (216,017) | (224,752) |
| Net loss | (12,851,383) | (162,043,234) | (11,601,068) |
| Less: Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest | 629,144 | (1,142,018) | (1,812,229) |
| Net loss attributable to Leju Holdings Limited shareholders | $ (13,480,527) | $ (160,901,216) | $ (9,788,839) |
| Loss per share: | |||
| Basic (in dollars per share) | $ (0.10) | $ (1.19) | $ (0.07) |
| Diluted (in dollars per share) | $ (0.10) | $ (1.19) | $ (0.07) |
| Shares used in computation of loss per share | |||
| Basic (in shares) | 135,763,962 | 135,708,350 | 135,220,210 |
| Diluted (in shares) | 135,763,962 | 135,708,350 | 135,220,210 |
| E-commerce | |||
| Revenues | |||
| Net revenues | $ 320,271,080 | $ 234,835,770 | $ 419,023,733 |
| Online advertising | |||
| Revenues | |||
| Net revenues | 138,371,646 | 113,235,010 | 117,948,842 |
| Listing | |||
| Revenues | |||
| Net revenues | $ 3,387,930 | $ 14,461,253 | $ 22,538,535 |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of gain (loss) on disposal of investment or subsidiaries No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Sum of operating profit and nonoperating income or expense before Income or Loss from equity method investments and noncontrolling interest, but after income taxes. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The aggregate costs related to goods produced and sold and services rendered by an entity during the reporting period. This excludes costs incurred during the reporting period related to financial services rendered and other revenue generating activities. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- References No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
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- Definition Amount of loss from the write-down of an asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations before deduction of income tax expense (benefit) and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest, and addition of income (loss) from equity method investments. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition This item represents the entity's proportionate share for the period of the net income (loss) of its investee (such as unconsolidated subsidiaries and joint ventures) to which the equity method of accounting is applied. This item includes income or expense related to stock-based compensation based on the investor's grant of stock to employees of an equity method investee. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount before accretion (amortization) of purchase discount (premium) of interest income on nonoperating securities. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of Net Income (Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of income (expense) related to nonoperating activities, classified as other. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The total amount of other operating income, the components of which are not separately disclosed on the income statement, from items that are associated with the entity's normal revenue producing operation. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS | |||
| Loss from equity in affiliates, tax | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of income tax expense (benefit) on income (loss) from equity method investments attributable to the parent entity. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS | |||
| Net loss | $ (12,851,383) | $ (162,043,234) | $ (11,601,068) |
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax of nil: | |||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | (6,678,452) | 9,136,839 | (16,760,659) |
| Comprehensive loss | (19,529,835) | (152,906,395) | (28,361,727) |
| Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests | 721,387 | (1,249,102) | (1,771,012) |
| Comprehensive loss attributable to Leju Holdings Limited shareholders | $ (20,251,222) | $ (151,657,293) | $ (26,590,715) |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss), attributable to noncontrolling interests. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS | |||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), tax | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of tax expense (benefit) allocated to other comprehensive income (loss). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY - USD ($) |
Total Leju Holdings Limited Shareholders' Equity |
Ordinary Shares |
Additional Paid-in Capital |
Accumulated Deficit |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income |
Subscription Receivable |
Non-controlling Interests |
Total |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balance at Dec. 31, 2015 | $ 424,712,255 | $ 134,931 | $ 773,766,165 | $ (343,658,094) | $ (5,521,547) | $ (9,200) | $ (478,974) | $ 424,233,281 | |||
| Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2015 | 134,930,870 | ||||||||||
| Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity | |||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | (9,788,839) | (9,788,839) | (1,812,229) | (11,601,068) | |||||||
| Capital injection from non-controlling interests | 296,959 | 296,959 | |||||||||
| Disposal of a subsidiary | 2,189 | 2,189 | (189,618) | (187,429) | |||||||
| Share-based compensation | 9,018,232 | 9,936,112 | (917,880) | 33,411 | 9,051,643 | ||||||
| Vesting of restricted shares | 1,012,000 | $ 507 | 1,011,493 | 1,012,000 | |||||||
| Vesting of restricted shares ( in shares) | 506,664 | ||||||||||
| Exercise of share options | 314,750 | $ 66 | 305,484 | $ 9,200 | 314,750 | ||||||
| Exercise of share options ( in shares) | 66,424 | ||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | (16,801,876) | (16,801,876) | 41,217 | (16,760,659) | |||||||
| Balance at Dec. 31, 2016 | 408,468,711 | $ 135,504 | 785,019,254 | (354,364,813) | (22,321,234) | (2,109,234) | 406,359,477 | ||||
| Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2016 | 135,503,958 | ||||||||||
| Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity | |||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | (160,901,216) | (160,901,216) | (1,142,018) | (162,043,234) | |||||||
| Non-controlling interests recognized in connection with business acquisition | 59,595 | 59,595 | |||||||||
| Share-based compensation | 3,491,453 | 3,569,698 | (78,245) | 33,411 | 3,524,864 | ||||||
| Vesting of restricted shares | $ 260 | (260) | |||||||||
| Vesting of restricted shares ( in shares) | 260,004 | ||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | 9,243,923 | 9,243,923 | (107,084) | 9,136,839 | |||||||
| Balance at Dec. 31, 2017 | 260,302,871 | $ 135,764 | 788,588,692 | (515,344,274) | (13,077,311) | (3,265,330) | $ 257,037,541 | [1] | |||
| Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2017 | 135,763,962 | 135,763,962 | |||||||||
| Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity | |||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | (13,480,527) | (13,480,527) | 629,144 | $ (12,851,383) | |||||||
| Share-based compensation | 4,037,843 | 4,037,843 | 20,519 | 4,058,362 | |||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustments | (6,770,695) | (6,770,695) | 92,243 | (6,678,452) | |||||||
| Balance at Dec. 31, 2018 | $ 244,089,492 | $ 135,764 | $ 792,626,535 | $ (528,824,801) | $ (19,848,006) | $ (2,523,424) | $ 241,566,068 | ||||
| Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2018 | 135,763,962 | 135,763,962 | |||||||||
| |||||||||||
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the amount of vesting of restricted shares adjustment in equity statement. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Changes in additional paid in capital related to exercise of share-based payments awards (such as stock options) and the amount of recognized equity-based compensation during the period (such as nonvested shares). No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of increase to additional paid-in capital (APIC) from recognition of equity-based compensation. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The amount of the reduction or elimination during the period of a noncontrolling interest resulting from the parent's loss of control and deconsolidation of the entity in which one or more outside parties had a noncontrolling interest. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of increase in noncontrolling interest from a business combination. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of increase in noncontrolling interest from subsidiary issuance of equity interests to noncontrolling interest holders. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of shares for which recognition of compensation cost was accelerated. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of stockholders' equity (deficit), net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity, attributable to both the parent and noncontrolling interests. Amount excludes temporary equity. Alternate caption for the concept is permanent equity. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| Operating activities: | |||
| Net loss | $ (12,851,383) | $ (162,043,234) | $ (11,601,068) |
| Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities: | |||
| Depreciation and amortization | 15,705,383 | 16,544,668 | 15,006,676 |
| Loss from equity in affiliates | 78,634 | 216,017 | 224,752 |
| Loss on disposal of investment or subsidiaries | 185,777 | ||
| Provision for allowance for doubtful accounts | 1,892,838 | 4,399,176 | 14,797,072 |
| Share-based compensation | 4,058,362 | 3,524,864 | 10,655,448 |
| Unrealized loss (gain) on marketable securities | 606,635 | (911,873) | (180,112) |
| Goodwill impairment | 41,222,971 | 0 | |
| Others | 148,593 | 681,343 | 524,810 |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||
| Accounts receivable | (29,397,718) | (21,439,538) | 21,945,854 |
| Contract assets | (698,266) | 2,688,194 | 1,508,834 |
| Marketable securities | (2,001,242) | ||
| Customer deposits | 26,142,133 | 3,456,913 | 18,887,756 |
| Amounts due from related parties | (2,617,571) | 3,804,706 | (7,872,808) |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 2,490,172 | (1,201,142) | 9,310,657 |
| Other non-current assets | (211,771) | 69,531 | 17,136 |
| Accounts payable | (2,061,870) | 1,226,158 | 1,230,644 |
| Accrued payroll and welfare expenses | (6,198,911) | (5,152,301) | (3,954,784) |
| Income tax payable | (5,139,469) | (3,068,915) | (646,293) |
| Other tax payable | 1,061,293 | (5,571,572) | (15,401,042) |
| Amounts due to related parties | 384,323 | 1,511,521 | (7,620,658) |
| Other current liabilities and accrued expenses | 9,944,590 | 20,269,099 | 5,507,463 |
| Deferred tax assets | 1,569,233 | (22,152,629) | (11,399,496) |
| Deferred tax liabilities | (3,212,929) | (2,242,038) | (4,016,850) |
| Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities | 1,692,301 | (124,168,081) | 35,108,526 |
| Investing activities: | |||
| Deposits for and purchases of property and equipment and intangible assets | (946,967) | (2,526,921) | (4,243,386) |
| Cash paid for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired | (5,878,393) | ||
| Cash outflow due to disposal of a subsidiary | (129,643) | ||
| Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment | 1,753,131 | 293,704 | 57,186 |
| Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities | 806,164 | (8,111,610) | (4,315,843) |
| Financing activities: | |||
| Contribution from non-controlling interest shareholders | 296,959 | ||
| Proceeds of loans from related parties | 89,462,593 | ||
| Repayment of loans to related parties | (1,862,593) | (87,600,000) | |
| Proceeds from exercise of options | 314,750 | ||
| Acquisition of non-controlling interest of subsidiaries | (7,079,295) | ||
| Net cash used in financing activities | (1,862,593) | (4,604,993) | |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (6,539,685) | 11,109,296 | (12,145,925) |
| Net increase/(decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (4,041,220) | (123,032,988) | 14,041,765 |
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the beginning of the year | 151,304,686 | 274,337,674 | 260,295,909 |
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at the end of the year | 147,263,466 | 151,304,686 | 274,337,674 |
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | |||
| Income taxes paid | 3,088,070 | 10,256,545 | 10,199,779 |
| Non-cash investing and financing activities: | |||
| Non-controlling interest recognized in connection with business acquisition | 59,595 | ||
| Total equity decreased in connection with disposal of a subsidiary | (187,429) | ||
| Decrease in amount due to related party due to vesting of restricted shares | 1,012,000 | ||
| Reconciliation to amounts on consolidated balance sheets: | |||
| Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows | $ 151,304,686 | $ 274,337,674 | $ 260,295,909 |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the changes in amount due to related party due to vesting of restricted shares. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of gain (loss) on disposal of investment or subsidiaries No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in deferred tax assets attributable to deductible temporary differences that result from Income or Loss that is recognized for accounting purposes but not for tax purposes and vice versa. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in deferred tax liabilities attributable to deductible temporary differences that result from Income or Loss that is recognized for accounting purposes but not for tax purposes and vice versa. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in current liabilities classified as other and in the aggregate amount of expenses incurred but not yet paid. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the amount of payments for acquisition of non-controlling interest of Subsidiaries. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; including effect from exchange rate change. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The aggregate expense recognized in the current period that allocates the cost of tangible assets, intangible assets, or depleting assets to periods that benefit from use of the assets. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of increase (decrease) from effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; held in foreign currencies; including, but not limited to, disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of loss from the write-down of an asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition This item represents the entity's proportionate share for the period of the net income (loss) of its investee (such as unconsolidated subsidiaries and joint ventures) to which the equity method of accounting is applied. This item includes income or expense related to stock-based compensation based on the investor's grant of stock to employees of an equity method investee. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The amount of cash paid during the current period to foreign, federal, state, and local authorities as taxes on income, net of any cash received during the current period as refunds for the overpayment of taxes. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from customers for the credit sale of goods and services. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The increase (decrease) during the period in the amount due for taxes based on the reporting entity's earnings or attributable to the entity's income earning process (business presence) within a given jurisdiction. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of increase (decrease) in right to consideration in exchange for good or service transferred to customer when right is conditioned on something other than passage of time. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in moneys or securities given as security including, but not limited to, contract, escrow, or earnest money deposits, retainage (if applicable), deposits with clearing organizations and others, collateral, or margin deposits. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in receivables to be collected from other entities that could exert significant influence over the reporting entity. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of obligations to be paid to the following types of related parties: a parent company and its subsidiaries; subsidiaries of a common parent; an entity and trust for the benefit of employees, such as pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of the entities' management; an entity and its principal owners, management, or member of their immediate families; affiliates; or other parties with the ability to exert significant influence. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of obligations related to services received from employees, such as accrued salaries and bonuses, payroll taxes and fringe benefits. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of increase (decrease) in noncurrent assets classified as other. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of increase (decrease) in prepaid expenses, and assets classified as other. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The increase (decrease) during the period in the amount of cash payments due to taxing authorities for non-income-related taxes. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of increase (decrease) of investment in debt and equity securities, measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of unrealized gain (loss) on investment in marketable security. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The amount of the reduction or elimination during the period of a noncontrolling interest resulting from the parent's loss of control and deconsolidation of the entity in which one or more outside parties had a noncontrolling interest. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of increase in noncontrolling interest from a business combination. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of expense classified as other. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The net cash outflow or inflow from purchases, sales and disposals of property, plant and equipment and other productive assets, including intangibles. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of a business, net of the cash acquired from the purchase. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition This element represents the cash inflow during the period from the sale of a component of the entity. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of cash inflow from a noncontrolling interest. Includes, but is not limited to, purchase of additional shares or other increase in noncontrolling interest ownership. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The cash inflow from a long-term borrowing made from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth. Alternate caption: Proceeds from Advances from Affiliates. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of cash inflow from exercise of stock options granted under share-based compensation arrangement. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of expense related to write-down of receivables to the amount expected to be collected. Includes, but is not limited to, accounts receivable and notes receivable. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition The cash outflow for the payment of a long-term borrowing made from a related party where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth. Alternate caption: Payments for Advances from Affiliates. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition The aggregate amount of noncash, equity-based employee remuneration. This may include the value of stock or unit options, amortization of restricted stock or units, and adjustment for officers' compensation. As noncash, this element is an add back when calculating net cash generated by operating activities using the indirect method. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Organization and Principal Activities |
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| Organization and Principal Activities | 1. Organization and Principal Activities
Leju Holdings Limited (the "Company" or "Leju") was incorporated on November 20, 2013 in the Cayman Islands as an exempted company with limited liability under the Companies Law of the Cayman Islands. The Company, through its subsidiaries and consolidated variable interest entities ("VIEs"), is principally engaged in providing online advertising, e‑commerce services and listing services for the real estate and home furnishing industries in the People's Republic of China ("PRC"). The Company, its subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs are collectively referred to as the "Group".
E-House (China) Holdings Limited ("E-House Holdings") is the Company's parent company from its incorporation to December 30, 2016. E-House Holdings, its subsidiaries and VIEs, excluding the Group, are collectively referred to as "E-House". On December 30, 2016, E-House Holdings repurchased all its ordinary shares held by SINA Corporation (“SINA”) for a total consideration consisting of 40,651,187 ordinary shares of Leju and of $129,038,150 in cash. As a result of this transaction, E-House Holdings ceased to be Leju’s controlling shareholder but remains as the largest shareholder and SINA became a principal shareholder of Leju from December 30, 2016.
The following table lists major subsidiaries and the consolidated VIEs of the Company as of December 31, 2018:
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- Definition The entire disclosure for organization, consolidation and basis of presentation of financial statements disclosure. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Summary of Principal Accounting Policies |
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| Summary of Principal Accounting Policies | 2. Summary of Principal Accounting Policies
(a) Basis of presentation
The consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("US GAAP").
(b) Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Leju, its majority owned subsidiaries and its VIEs, Beijing Leju, Shanghai Yi Xin and Beijing Jiajujiu. All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
The Group evaluates each of its interests in private companies to determine whether or not the investee is a VIE and, if so, whether the Group is the primary beneficiary of such VIE. In determining whether the Group is the primary beneficiary, the Group considers if the Group (1) has power to direct the activities that most significantly affects the economic performance of the VIE, and (2) receives the economic benefits of the VIE that could be significant to the VIE. If deemed the primary beneficiary, the Group consolidates the VIE.
VIE arrangements
PRC regulations currently prohibit or restrict foreign ownership of companies that provide internet content and advertising services. To comply with these regulations, the Group provides such activities through its VIEs and their subsidiaries. To provide the Group effective control over and the ability to receive substantially all of the economic benefits of its VIEs and their subsidiaries, certain of the Company's subsidiaries, Shanghai SINA Leju, Shanghai Yi Yue and Beijing Maiteng (collectively, the "Foreign Owned Subsidiaries") entered into a series of contractual arrangements with Beijing Leju, Shanghai Yi Xin and Beijing Jiajujiu (collectively the "VIEs") and their respective shareholders, respectively, as summarized below:
The VIEs hold the requisite licenses and permits necessary to conduct internet content and advertising services activities from which foreign ownership of companies are prohibited or restricted. In addition, the VIEs hold leases and other assets necessary to operate such business and generate a majority of the Group's revenues.
Agreements that Transfer Economic Benefits of the VIEs to the Group
Exclusive Consulting and Technical Support Agreement. Pursuant to an exclusive consulting and technical support agreement between the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries and the respective VIEs, the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries provide the respective VIEs with a series of consulting and technical support services and are entitled to receive related fees. The term of this exclusive technical support agreement will expire upon dissolution of the VIEs. Unless expressly provided by this agreement, without prior written consent of the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries, the VIEs may not engage any third party to provide the services offered by the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries under this agreement.
Agreements that Provide Effective Control over VIEs
Exclusive Call Option Agreement. Each of the shareholders of the VIEs has entered into an exclusive call option agreement with the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries. Pursuant to these agreements, each of the shareholders of the VIEs has granted an irrevocable and unconditional option to the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries or their designees to acquire all or part of such shareholder's equity interests in VIEs at its sole discretion, to the extent as permitted by PRC laws and regulations then in effect. The consideration for such acquisition of all equity interests in the VIEs will be equal to the registered capital of the VIEs, and if PRC law requires the consideration to be greater than the registered capital, the consideration will be the minimum amount as permitted by PRC law. In addition, the VIEs irrevocably and unconditionally granted the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries an exclusive option to purchase, to the extent permitted under the PRC law, all or part of the assets of the VIEs. The exercise price for purchasing the assets of the VIEs will be equal to their respective book values, and if PRC law requires the price to be greater than the book value, the price will be the minimum amount as permitted by PRC law. The call option may be exercised by the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries or their designees.
Loan Agreement. Under the loan agreement among shareholders of the VIEs and the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries, each of the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries has granted an interest-free loan to the shareholders of the VIEs, solely for their purchase of the equity interest of the VIEs, investing or operating activities conducted in the VIEs. Each loan agreement will be due upon the earlier of twenty years from the date of execution or the expiration of the term of business of VIEs.
Shareholder Voting Right Proxy Agreement. Each of the shareholders of the VIEs has irrevocably granted any person designated by the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries the power to exercise all voting rights to which he will be entitled to as shareholder of the VIEs at that time, including the right to declare dividends, appoint and elect board members and senior management members and other voting rights.
Each shareholder voting right proxy agreement has a term of twenty years, unless it is early terminated by all parties in writing or pursuant to provision of this agreement. The term of the agreement will be automatically extended for one year upon the expiration, if the Foreign Owned Subsidiary gives the other parties written notice requiring the extension at least 30 days prior to expiration and the same mechanism will apply subsequently upon the expiration of each extended term.
Equity Pledge Agreement. Each of the shareholders of the VIEs has also entered into an equity pledge agreement with the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries. Pursuant to which these shareholders pledged their respective equity interest in the VIEs to guarantee the performance of the obligations of the VIEs. The Foreign Owned Subsidiaries, as pledgee, will be entitled to certain rights, including the right to sell the pledged equity interests. Pursuant to the equity pledge agreement, each shareholder of the VIEs cannot transfer, sell, pledge, dispose of or otherwise create any new encumbrance on their respective equity interest in the VIEs without the prior written consent of the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries. The equity pledge right enjoyed by the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries will expire when shareholders of the VIEs have fully performed their respective obligations under the above agreements. The equity pledges of the VIEs have been registered with the relevant local branch of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, or SAIC.
Risks in relation to the VIE structure
The Company believes that the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries' contractual arrangements with the VIEs are in compliance with PRC law and are legally enforceable. However, uncertainties in the PRC legal system could limit the Company's ability to enforce these contractual arrangements and the interests of the shareholders of the VIEs may diverge from that of the Company and that may potentially increase the risk that they would seek to act contrary to the contractual terms, for example by influencing the VIEs not to pay the service fees when required to do so.
The Company's ability to control the VIEs also depends on the power of attorney the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries have to vote on all matters requiring shareholder approval in the VIEs. As noted above, the Company believes this power of attorney is legally enforceable but may not be as effective as direct equity ownership.
In addition, if the legal structure and contractual arrangements were found to be in violation of any existing PRC laws and regulations, the Company may be subject to fines or other actions. The Company does not believe such actions would result in the liquidation or dissolution of the Company, the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries or the VIEs.
The Company, through its subsidiaries and through the contractual arrangements, has (1) the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly affect the entity's economic performance and (2) the right to receive benefits from the VIEs. Accordingly, the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIEs and has consolidated the financial results of the VIEs.
The following financial statement amounts and balances of the Group's VIEs were included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, after elimination of inter-company balances and transactions:
There are no consolidated VIEs’ assets that are collateral for the VIEs’ obligations or are restricted solely to settle the VIEs’ obligations. The Company has not provided any financial support that it was not previously contractually required to provide to the VIEs.
(c) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from such estimates. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Group’s financial statements include useful lives and valuation of long-lived assets, evaluation of goodwill, allowance for doubtful accounts, assumptions related to share-based compensation arrangements, assumptions related to the consolidation of entities in which the Group holds variable interests and valuation allowance on deferred tax.
(d) Fair value of financial instruments
The Group records its financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value reflects the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.
The Group applies a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.
Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are comprised of marketable securities. The Group uses quoted price in active markets (Level 1) to determine the fair value of marketable securities.
There are no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in 2016, 2017 and 2018.
For cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, contract assets, customer deposits, other receivables, accounts payable, other payables, and amounts due from/to related parties, the carrying value approximates its fair value due to its short-term nature.
(e) Business combinations
Business combinations are recorded using the purchase method of accounting and, accordingly, the acquired assets and liabilities are recorded at their fair market value at the date of acquisition. Any excess of acquisition cost over the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities, including identifiable intangible assets, is recorded as goodwill.
(f) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and demand deposits, which are unrestricted as to withdrawal and use, and which have original maturities of three months or less.
(g) Restricted cash
In 2017, the Group was involved in a lawsuit for the settlement of certain marketing expenses and paid deposits to a restricted bank account monitored by the court. During 2018, the lawsuit was settled and the deposits were returned back to the Group.
(h) Marketable securities
Marketable securities include securities that are classified as trading securities. Trading securities represent equity securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term, and they are reported at fair value, with both unrealized and realized gains and losses reported as other income (loss). The fair value of marketable securities is based upon the quoted price in an active market for identical instruments (Level 1).
(i) Customer deposits
The Group provides online real estate e-commerce services for customers. Some real estate developers require the Group to pay an upfront and refundable deposit to obtain the exclusive right to provide e-commerce services for a real estate development project. These deposits are refunded to the Group subject to certain pre-determined criteria specified in the deposit agreement. Customer deposits are recorded as either current or non-current assets based on the Group’s estimate of the date of refund. As of December 31, 2018, all customer deposits are refundable within 12 months and none of them passed the original due date.
(j) Investment in affiliates
Affiliated companies are entities over which the Group has significant influence, but which it does not control. The Group generally considers an ownership interest of 20% in common stock or higher to represent a presumption that they are able to exert significant influence.
Investments in affiliates are accounted for by the equity method of accounting. Under this method, the Group’s share of the post-acquisition profits or losses of affiliated companies is recognized in the income statement and its share of post-acquisition movements in other comprehensive income is recognized in other comprehensive income. Unrealized gains on transactions between the Group and its affiliated companies are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest in the affiliated companies; unrealized losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. When the Group’s share of losses in an affiliated company equals or exceeds its interest in the affiliated company, the Group does not recognize further losses, unless the Group has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of the affiliated company.
The Group is required to perform an impairment assessment of its investments whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the investment may not be fully recoverable. An impairment loss is recorded when there has been a loss in value of the investment that is other than temporary. The Group has not recorded any impairment losses in any of the periods reported. As of December 31,2017 and 2018, the Group determined that no such events were present.
(k) Property and equipment, net
Property and equipment is recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:
Gains and losses from the disposal of property and equipment are included in loss from operations.
(l) Intangible assets, net
Acquired intangible assets mainly consist of the advertising agency agreement and license agreements with SINA, customer relationships, and database license are recorded at fair value on the acquisition date. All intangible assets, with the exception of customer relationships, are amortized ratably over the contract period. Intangible assets resulting out of acquired customer relationships are amortized based on the timing of the revenue expected to be derived from the respective customer.
(m) Impairment of long-lived assets
The Group evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When these events occur, the Group measures impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the assets to future undiscounted net cash flow expected to result from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected undiscounted cash flow is less than the carrying amount of the assets, the Group will recognize an impairment loss equal to the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets.
(n) Impairment of goodwill
The Group evaluates the recoverability of goodwill annually or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change in the interim that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the asset below its carrying amount. Goodwill is considered to be impaired when the carrying value of a reporting unit or asset exceeds its fair value. The Group currently has only one reporting unit: Leju online segment.
In the evaluation of goodwill for impairment, the Group first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the Group determines that it is not more likely than not for a reporting unit’s fair value to be less than its carrying value, a calculation of the fair value is not performed. If the Group determines that it is more likely than not for a reporting unit’s fair value to be less than its carrying value, a calculation of the reporting unit’s fair value is performed and compared to the carrying value of that unit. An impairment loss is recorded equal to the excess of the reporting unit’s carrying value over its fair value.
Generally, the Group measures fair value of reporting units based on a present value of future discounted cash flows and an income valuation approach. The discounted cash flow models indicate the fair value of the reporting units based on the present value of the cash flow that the reporting units are expected to generate in the future. Significant estimates in the discounted cash flow models include: the weighted average cost of capital; long-term rate of growth and profitability of the Group’s business; and working capital effects. The key assumptions used in the income approach, which requires significant management judgment, include forecasted cash flows which consider the historical financial trends, business growth rate and market share, as well as terminal value and discount rate. Significant increases in discount rate or decrease in terminal value in isolation would result in a significantly lower fair value measurement.
(o) Income taxes
Deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities, and their reported amounts in the financial statements, net operating loss carry forwards and credits by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years when the reported amounts of the asset or liability are expected to be recovered or settled, respectively. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant taxing authorities.
The Group only recognizes tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions when such positions are more likely than not of being sustained upon examination. For such positions, the amount of tax benefit that the Group recognizes is the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than fifty percent likely of being sustained upon the ultimate settlement of such uncertain position. The Group records interest and penalties as a component of income tax expense.
(p) Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation cost is measured on the grant date of the share award, based on the fair value of the award, and recognized as an expense over the requisite service period. Management has made an estimate of expected forfeitures and recognizes compensation cost only for those equity awards expected to vest.
(q) Revenue recognition
The Group generates real estate online revenues principally from e-commerce, online advertising, and listing services and enters into separate contracts with its customers under each revenue stream. Revenues are recorded, net of sales related taxes.
The Group has adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) and all subsequent ASUs that modified ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 and has elected to apply it retrospectively for the year ended December 31, 2018.
The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve that core principle, the Group applies the following steps:
The full retrospective method requires an entity to present financial statements for all periods as if the new revenue standard had been applied to all prior periods. The Group concluded that the cumulative effect to the beginning balance of shareholders' equity as of January 1, 2016 by implementation of the ASC 606 is not significant while the Group records contract assets when the Group does not have an unconditional right to consideration for its services rendered. Accounts receivable as of December 31, 2017 was retrospectively adjusted by the amount of $1,410,198 to contract assets as a result of the adoption.
The Group offers individual property buyers discount coupons that enable them to purchase specified properties from real estate developers at discounts greater than the face value of the fees charged by the Group. Discount coupons are collected initially upfront from the property buyers and are refundable at any time before they are used to purchase the specified properties. As such, these fees are recorded in advance from customers in the Group's consolidated balance sheets. The Group determines its customers to be the individual property buyers and has identified one single performance obligation to be the sale of discount coupons. The Group determines the sale of discount coupons to be satisfied at a point in time only when the confirmation letters are obtained from its customers that prove the use of the coupons. The transaction price is the face value of the discount coupon fees charged by the Group which is fixed in the contract with the individual property buyers.
Online advertising
Revenue from online advertising services is principally from online advertising arrangements, and keyword advertising arrangements. Online advertising arrangements allow advertisers to place advertisements on particular areas of the Group’s online platforms, in particular formats and over particular periods of time. Keyword advertising arrangements allow advertisers to reach certain customer markets based on particular keywords utilized by them over a particular period of time.
The Group enters into separate contracts with its customers for online advertising and keyword advertising arrangements and determines its customers to be the advertisers. As such each promise is identified as a separate performance obligation that is recognized ratably over the contract period and when collection is probable. The transaction price is fixed per contract. No rebates or discounts are given to the advertisers.
Listing services entitle real estate brokers to post and make changes to information for properties in a particular area on the website for a specified period of time, in exchange for a fixed fee.
The Group determines its customers to be the real estate brokers and has identified a single performance obligation that is recognized over time on a straight-line basis over the contract period of display and when collection is probable. The transaction price is the fixed fee outlined in the contract. No rebates or discounts are given to the real estate brokers.
Contract balances
The Group does not have unconditional right to the consideration for advertising or listing services until all promises have been fulfilled and therefore initially records a contract asset when recognizing revenue. Upon fulfillment of all advertising or listing services, contract assets will be reclassified as a receivable. Contract assets recognized were $1,410,198 and $2,137,107 for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 respectively.
Disaggregation of revenue
In accordance with ASC 606-10-50, the Group believes the disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers by E-Commerce, Online advertising and Listing to sufficiently achieve the disclosure objective of depicting how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.
Practical Expedients and Exemptions
For the Group's contracts that have an original duration of one year or less, the Group uses the practical expedient applicable to such contracts and has not disclosed the transaction prices for the remaining performance obligations as of the end of the reporting period or when the Group expects to recognize this revenue.
(r) Cost of revenue
Cost of revenue consists of costs associated with the production of websites, which includes fees paid to third parties for internet connection, content and services, editorial personnel related costs, amortization of intangible assets, depreciation associated with website production equipment and fees paid for advertising resources.
(s) Marketing and advertising expenses
Marketing and advertising expenses consists primarily of targeted online and offline marketing costs for promoting the Group’s e-commerce projects, increasing our visibility and building our brand, such as Leju property visit, sponsored marketing campaigns, online or print advertising, public relations and sponsored events. The Group expenses all marketing advertising costs as incurred and record these costs within “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on the consolidated statements of operations when incurred. The nature of the Group’s direct marketing activities is such that they are intended to attract subscribers for the online advertising and potential property buyers to purchase the discount coupons. The Group incurred marketing and advertising expenses amounting to $345,862,479, $292,076,010 and $300,773,157 for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
(t) Foreign currency translation
The functional currency of the Company is the United States dollar (“U.S. dollar”) and is used as the reporting currency of the Group. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollar at the rates of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. Equity accounts are translated at historical exchange rates and revenues, expenses, gains and losses are translated using the average rate for the year. Translation adjustments are reported as foreign currency translation adjustment and are shown as a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of changes in equity and comprehensive loss.
The financial records of certain of the Company’s subsidiaries are maintained in local currencies other than the U.S. dollar, such as Renminbi (“RMB”) and Hong Kong dollar (“HKD”), which are their functional currencies. Transactions in other currencies are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing when the transactions occur. Transaction gains and losses are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.
The Group recorded an exchange gain $64,650, exchange loss $619,269 and $3,800,728 for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively, as a component of other income (loss), net, in the consolidated statements of operations.
(u) Government subsidies
Government subsidies include cash subsidies received by the Company's subsidiaries and VIEs in the PRC from local governments. These subsidies are generally provided as incentives for conducting business in certain local districts and are typically granted based on the amount of value-added tax, business tax, and income tax payment generated by the Group in certain local districts. Such subsidies allow the Group full discretion in utilizing the funds and are used by the Group for general corporate purpose. The local governments have final discretion as to the amount of cash subsidies. Cash subsidies of $4,586,746, $3,071,865 and $2,163,443 were included in other operating income for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. Subsidies are recognized when cash is received and when all the conditions for their receipt have been satisfied.
(v) Concentration of credit risk
Financial instruments that potentially expose the Group to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and customer deposits. The Group deposits its cash and cash equivalents in the reputable financial institutions.
The Group regularly reviews creditworthiness of its customers, and requires collateral or other security from its customers in certain circumstances when accounts receivables’ aging is over one year. The Group establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts primarily based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, including creditworthiness of the clients, aging of the receivables and other specific circumstances related to the accounts. Accounts receivable balances are written off after all collection efforts have been exhausted.
Movement of the allowance for doubtful accounts for accounts receivable is as follows:
The allowance for other receivables in prepaid expenses and other current assets was nil for all periods presented.
Details of the accounts receivable and contract assets from customers accounting for 10% or more of total net accounts receivable and contract assets are as follows:
(w) Loss per share
Basic loss per share is computed by dividing loss attributable to holders of ordinary shares by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted loss per ordinary share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue ordinary shares were exercised or converted into ordinary shares.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted loss per share for the periods indicated:
Diluted loss per share do not include the following instruments as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:
(x) Non-controlling interest
Non-controlling interest classified as a separate line item in the equity section and disclosures in the Company's consolidated financial statements have distinguished the interest of Leju from the interest of non-controlling interest holders.
(y) Comprehensive loss
Comprehensive loss includes all changes in equity except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. For the years presented, total comprehensive loss includes net loss and foreign currency translation adjustments.
(z) Recently issued accounting pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The guidance supersedes existing guidance on accounting for leases with the main difference being that operating leases are to be recorded in the statement of financial position as right of use assets and lease liabilities, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. For operating leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election not to recognize lease assets and liabilities. In transition, entities are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. In July 2018 (ASU 2018-11), the FASB further amended the guidance to provide another transition method in addition to the existing transition method by allowing entities to initially apply the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognize an accumulative-effective adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Group are implementing an enterprise-wide lease accounting system and are in the process of verifying data in the system that will enable the Group to estimate the amounts of those assets and liabilities. The Group have reviewed all leases and are in the process of reviewing its documentation and conclusions to generate the initial accounting entries upon adoption of the standard. The Group expects the right-of-use asset and lease liability to exceed $36.3 million each. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Credit Losses, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU provides more useful information about expected credit losses to financial statement users and changes how entities will measure credit losses on financial instruments and timing of when such losses should be recognized. This ASU is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for all entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein. The updates should be applied through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective (that is, a modified-retrospective approach). The Group is in the process of evaluating the impact on its combined and consolidated financial statements upon adoption. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. ASU 2018-13 eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The amendments applicable to the disclosures of changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial year of adoption. This ASU is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods therein. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. Early adoption is permitted, and an entity is also permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective date. The Group is in the process of evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements upon adoption. |
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition The entire disclosure for all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Business Acquisition |
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| Business Acquisition | 3. Business Acquisition
In May 2017, the Group acquired a live-broadcasting application (“App”) with all its related software copyrights and personnel from Shanghai Yunchuang Information & Technology Ltd. (“Yunchuang”), which was ultimately controlled by Mr. Xin Zhou, Leju’s executive chairman for an aggregate purchase price of $6,000,000. The primary reason for the acquisition was to expand the Group’s channel and platform for attracting property buyers and increasing media exposure and influence.
The transaction was accounted for using the purchase method with the purchase price allocated as follows:
The goodwill mainly reflects the synergies related to cost for sales and distribution and competitive advantages the Group expects to realize from the living-broadcasting App, which do not qualify for separate recognition of intangible assets. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purpose. The acquisition was not material to the Group’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017, and as such, pro forma results of operations were not presented. Goodwill resulted from this acquisition was assigned to the whole group. |
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- Definition The entire disclosure for a business combination (or series of individually immaterial business combinations) completed during the period, including background, timing, and recognized assets and liabilities. The disclosure may include leverage buyout transactions (as applicable). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- References No definition available.
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Property and Equipment, Net |
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| Property and Equipment, Net | 4. Property and Equipment, Net
Property and equipment, net consists of the following:
Depreciation expenses were $2,579,726, $3,078,955 and $2,465,421 for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. |
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition The entire disclosure for long-lived, physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, accounting policies and methodology, roll forwards, depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, including composite depreciation, accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, useful lives and method used, income statement disclosures, assets held for sale and public utility disclosures. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Intangible Assets, Net |
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| Intangible Assets, Net | 5. Intangible Assets, Net
The advertising agency agreement and license agreements with SINA were recognized in connection with the Group's acquisition of China Online Housing Technology Corporation (“COHT”) in 2009, and provide the Group with exclusive rights to operate SINA's real estate and home furnishing related channels and the exclusive right to sell advertising relating to real estate, home furnishing and construction materials on these channels as well as SINA's other websites through 2019. If the Group sells advertising on SINA's websites other than the above channels, it will pay SINA fees of approximately 15% of the revenues generated from these sales. The acquisition cost was recognized as an intangible asset and amortized over the term of the agreement. In March 2014, the advertising agency agreement and license agreements were extended by five years to 2024 for no additional consideration. All other terms of the agreements remain the same.
Amortization expenses were $12,426,950, $13,465,713 and $13,239,962 for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. The Group expects to record amortization expenses of $12,718,595, $11,243,687, $10,561,945, $10,558,496 and $10,558,496 for the years ending December 31, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 and 2023, respectively. |
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- Definition The entire disclosure for all or part of the information related to intangible assets. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- References No definition available.
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Goodwill |
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| Goodwill | 6. Goodwill
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017 are as follows:
The Group operates and manages its business as a single segment and a reporting unit, as such goodwill is assigned to the Group as a whole.
In the fourth quarter of 2016, China's real estate market showed signs of slowdown under the government's continued restrictive policies and further credit tightening. Local governments in more than 20 cities issued notices to restrict real estate purchases. In 2017, many local governments of both first-tier and second-tier cities have also promulgated various policies to impose restrictions or eligibility requirements on real estate buyers. It is uncertain for how long these measures will remain in effect, and whether the central or local governments will further tighten their policies. The Group's revenue growth started to slow down as developers became more pessimistic about increasing sales volume and more cautious with their marketing spending. The Group believed that this resulted in slower than previously expected growth for its business over the next several years. In addition, the Company experienced a 43% decline in its stock price from March 31, 2017 to June 30, 2017. After assessing these circumstances, the Group determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the Group was less than its carrying amount. As a result, an interim quantitative goodwill impairment test was performed as of June 30, 2017.
The Group utilized the income approach valuation method (Level 3) to compute the fair value of its reporting unit. The key assumptions used in the income approach, which requires significant management judgment, include business assumptions, terminal value, and discount rate. Significant increases in discount rate or decrease in terminal value in isolation would result in a significantly lower fair value measurement. The Group applied a discount rate of 16% and terminal growth rate of 3% in estimating its fair value.
Based on the quantitative test performed, the Group concluded that the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeded its fair value. Consequently, the entire goodwill in the amount of $41,222,971 was impaired in 2017.
There was no goodwill impairment recognized for the year ended December 31, 2016. |
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition The entire disclosure for goodwill. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Other Income (loss), Net |
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| Other Income (loss), Net | 7. Other Income (loss), Net
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- Definition The entire disclosure for all or part of the information related to other income loss during the period. No definition available.
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- References No definition available.
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Income Tax |
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| Income Tax | 8. Income Tax
The following table summarizes income (loss) before income taxes incurred in the PRC and outside of the PRC:
The expenses (benefits) for income taxes is comprised of:
The Company is incorporated in the Cayman Islands, which is exempted from tax.
Enterprise Income Tax Law in China applies a statutory 25% enterprise income tax rate to both foreign invested enterprises and domestic enterprises.
Shanghai SINA Leju was granted a high and new technology enterprise (“HNTE”) status and was entitled to enjoy a favorable statutory tax rate of 15% from 2015 through 2017. Shanghai SINA Leju renewed its qualification of “high and new technology enterprise” in 2018 and was entitled to enjoy a favorable statutory tax rate of 15% from 2018 through 2020.
In February 2012, Shanghai Fangxin information technology Co., Ltd., the Group's subsidiary in China, was granted a software enterprise status, which exempted it from income taxes for 2012 and 2013 and provided a 50% reduction in its income tax rate, or a rate of 12.5%, from 2014 through 2016.
The Group's subsidiaries in Hong Kong are subject to a profit tax at the rate of 16.5% on assessable profit determined under relevant Hong Kong tax regulations. The Company's subsidiaries incorporated in the BVI are not subject to taxation.
The Group does not have uncertain tax positions in accordance with ASC740-10, nor does it anticipate any significant increase to its liability for unrecognized tax benefit within next 12 months. The Group will classify interest and penalties related to income tax matters, if any, in income tax expense.
According to the PRC Tax Administration and Collection Law, the statute of limitations is three years if the underpayment of taxes is due to tax authority's mistake or due to computational errors made by the taxpayer. The statute of limitations will be extended to five years under special circumstances, which are not clearly defined, but an underpayment of tax liability exceeding RMB100,000 ($14,571) is specifically listed as a special circumstance. In the case of a transfer pricing related adjustment, the statute of limitations is 10 years. There is no statute of limitations in the case of tax evasion.
The principal components of the deferred income tax assets/liabilities are as follows:
The majority deferred tax liabilities were recognized for the temporary differences between the tax basis of intangible assets recognized from acquisitions and their reported amounts in the financial statements.
Movement of the valuation allowance is as follows:
The Group has recognized a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets on tax loss carry forwards of $686, $490,152 and nil for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
The Group assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to utilize the existing deferred tax assets. A significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated was the cumulative loss incurred over the three year period ended December 31, 2018. Such objective evidence limits the Group's ability to consider other subjective evidence such as its projections for future growth.
On the basis of this evaluation, as of December 31, 2018, a valuation allowance of $480,689 was recorded to reflect only the portion of the deferred tax assets that is not more likely than not to be realized. The amount of the deferred tax assets considered realizable, however, could be adjusted if estimates of future taxable income during the carry forwards period are reduced or increased or if objective negative evidence in the form of cumulative losses is no longer present and additional weight may be given to subjective evidence such as the Group’s projections for growth.
Reconciliation between the provision for income tax computed by applying the statutory tax rate to income before income taxes and the actual provision for income taxes is as follows:
The aggregate amount and per share effect of the tax holiday are as follows:
As of December 31, 2017 and 2018, the Group had tax operating loss carry forwards of $188,155,208, and $207,795,259, respectively. The tax operating losses of entities not qualified as HNTE are available for offset against future profits that may be carried forward until calendar year 2022 and 2023, respectively and further to 2027 and 2028, respectively for qualified HNTE according to the public announcement made by the State Administration of Taxation in China in August 2018.
Undistributed earnings of the Company's PRC subsidiaries of approximately $92,757,472 at December 31, 2018 are considered to be indefinitely reinvested and, accordingly, no provision for PRC dividend withholding tax has been provided thereon. Upon distribution of those earnings generated after January 1, 2009, in the form of dividends or otherwise, the Group would be subject to the then applicable PRC tax laws and regulations. The amounts of unrecognized deferred tax liabilities for these earnings are in the range of $4,637,874 to $9,275,747, as the withholding tax rate of the profit distribution will be 5% or 10% depends on whether the immediate offshore companies can enjoy the preferential withholding tax rate of 5%. |
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Share-Based Compensation |
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| Share-Based Compensation | 9. Share-Based Compensation
Leju Plan
In November 2013, the Company adopted a share incentive plan ("Leju Plan"), which allows the Company to offer a variety of share‑based incentive awards to employees, officers, directors and individual consultants who render services to the Group. Under the Leju Plan, the maximum number of shares that may be issued shall be 8% of the total outstanding shares on an as-converted and fully diluted basis as of the effective date of the plan, and shall be increased automatically by 5% of the then total outstanding shares on an as-converted fully diluted basis on each of the third, sixth and ninth anniversaries of the effective date of the Leju Plan. On December 1, 2016, the award pool under Leju plan was automatically increased by 7,553,422 ordinary shares. Options have a ten-year life.
Share Options:
During 2016, there were no options granted under Leju Plan.
During 2017, the Company granted 2,135,000 options to purchase its ordinary shares to certain of the Group's employees and E-House's employees at an exercise price of $3.24 per share. The options expire ten years from the date of grant and vest ratably at each grant date anniversary over a period of three years.
During 2018, the Company granted 5,968,000 options to purchase its ordinary shares to certain of the Group's employees and E-House's employees at an exercise price from $1.41 to $1.55 per share. The options expire ten years from the date of grant and vest ratably at each grant date anniversary over a period of three years.
The Company has used the binomial model to estimate the fair value of the options granted under the Leju Plan. The fair value per option was estimated at the date of grant using the following assumptions:
A summary of option activities under the Leju Plan during the year ended December 31, 2018 is presented below:
The fair value of the options granted in 2017 was $1.75 per share. The weighted average grant-date fair value of the options granted in 2018 was $0.75 per share. For the year ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, the Company recorded compensation expenses of $5,576,034, $2,674,454 and $4,010,147 for the share options granted to the Group's employees and recorded deemed distribution to E-House of $883,286, $78,245 and nil for the share options granted to E-House's employees, respectively. During the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, 66,424, nil and nil options were exercised having a total intrinsic value of $43,253, nil and nil, respectively.
As of December 31, 2018, there was $4,537,362 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested share options granted under the Leju Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.07 years.
Restricted Shares:
Restricted shares are restricted from voting or receiving dividends until the shares are vested based on the stipulated service periods as set out in the award agreements.
There were no restricted shares granted under Leju Plan in 2016, 2017 and 2018.
The total grant date fair value of restricted shares vested in 2016, 2017 and 2018 was $3,737,772, $2,948,837 and nil, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, the Company recorded compensation expenses of $3,248,658, $666,723 and nil for the restricted shares granted to the Group's employees and recorded deemed distribution to E-House of $34,594, nil and nil for the share options granted to E-House's employees, respectively.
As of December 31, 2017 and 2018, there were no unvested restricted shares under the Leju Plan. As such, there were no unrecognized compensation expenses in relation to these shares. There were no outstanding and exercisable restricted shares as of December 31, 2017 and 2018.
Omnigold Plan:
In 2015, the Group’s subsidiary, Omnigold Holdings Limited ("Omnigold"), adopted a share incentive plan ("Omnigold Plan"), which proposed that (i) the maximum number of shares of Omnigold available for issuance pursuant to all awards under the Ominigold Plan shall initially be 5,000,000 as of the date of the Ominigold Plan was approved and adopted by the Board of Omnigold (the “Effective Dare”), and (ii) the Ominigold Plan shall be increased automatically by 5% of the then total issued and outstanding shares of Omnigold on an as-converted fully diluted basis on each of the third, sixth and ninth anniversary of the Effective Date. The options expire ten years from the date of grant and vest ratably at each grant date anniversary over a period of three years.
There were no options granted under Omnigold Plan in 2016, 2017 and 2018.
A summary of option activities under the Omnigold Plan during the year ended December 31, 2018 is presented below:
For the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, the Company recorded compensation expenses of $226,951, $183,687 and $48,215, respectively.
There were no options exercised during the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018.
As of December 31, 2018, there was no unrecognized compensation expense given that all share options granted under the Omnigold Plan had been vested.
E-House’s Share Incentive Plan (the “E-House Plan”)
In 2006, E-House Holdings adopted the E-House Plan, which allows E-House Holdings to offer a variety of share-based incentive awards to employees, officers, directors and individual consultants who render services to E-house. Under the E-House Plan, E-House Holdings authorized 3,636,364 ordinary shares, or 5% of the then total shares outstanding, to grant as options or restricted shares over a three-year period. In October 2010, E-House Holdings authorized an increase of 4,013,619 ordinary shares to the award pool. In November 2012, E-House Holdings further authorized an increase of 1,273,000 ordinary shares to the award pool. In August, 2013, E-House Holdings authorized an increase of 6,644,659 ordinary shares to the award pool. Options have a ten-year life. Share options granted under the E-House Plan can be settled by the employee either by cash or net settled by shares.
On August 2016, following the delisting of E-House Holdings, all the outstanding options and restricted shares of E-House Plan were immediately exercised. Accordingly, any previously unrecognized compensation costs were recognized immediately.
The share-based compensation expense under E-House Plan allocated to the Group were $1,254,915, nil and nil for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and, 2018, respectively.
Other Equity Compensation
In September 2014, the Group acquired non-controlling interests from certain employee shareholders. The price premium paid over the fair value of the ordinary shares amounting $4,276,810 was recorded as share-based compensation costs and to be amortized over the required two-year service period. $1,603,805, nil and nil stock compensation expense was recognized during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018, there were no unrecognized compensation expense since the required service period was expired and all the compensation cost had been fully recognized. |
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- Definition The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Employee Benefit Plans |
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Dec. 31, 2018 | |
| Employee Benefit Plans | |
| Employee Benefit Plans | 10. Employee Benefit Plans
The Group's PRC subsidiaries and VIEs are required by law to contribute a certain percentages of applicable salaries for retirement benefits, medical insurance benefits, housing funds, unemployment and other statutory benefits. The PRC government is directly responsible for the payments of such benefits. The Group contributed $22,350,656, $21,542,245, and $15,096,793 for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively, for such benefits. |
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition The entire disclosure for pension and other postretirement benefits. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Distribution of Profits |
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Dec. 31, 2018 | |
| Distribution of Profits | |
| Distribution of Profits | 11. Distribution of Profits
Relevant PRC statutory laws and regulations permit payment of dividends by the Group's PRC subsidiaries and VIEs only out of their retained earnings, if any, as determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. Under PRC law, each of the Group's PRC subsidiaries and VIEs is required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profits each year, if any, to fund a statutory reserve until such reserve reaches 50% of its registered capital. Each of the Group's subsidiaries with foreign investment is also required to further set aside a portion of its after-tax profits to fund the employee welfare fund at the discretion of the board. Although the statutory reserves can be used, among other ways, to increase the registered capital and eliminate future losses in excess of retained earnings of the respective companies, the reserve funds are not distributable as cash dividends, loans or advances except in the event of liquidation of these subsidiaries.
The amount of the reserve fund for the Group as of December 31, 2017 and 2018 was $8,776,513 and $9,092,951, respectively.
As a result of these PRC laws and regulations, the Group's PRC subsidiaries and VIEs are restricted in their ability to transfer a portion of their net assets, including general reserve and registered capital, either in the form of dividends, loans or advances. Such restricted portion amounted to $34,881,491, of which $8,560,025 was attributed to general reserve and registered capital of the VIEs, as of December 31, 2018. |
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- Definition The entire disclosure of distribution of Profits. No definition available.
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Segment Information |
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| Segment Information | 12. Segment Information
The Group operates and manages its business as a single segment. The Group uses the management approach to determine operating segments. The management approach considers the internal organization and reporting used by the Group's chief operating decision maker ("CODM") for making decisions, allocating resources and assessing performance. The Group's CODM has been identified as the chief executive officer, who reviews the consolidated results of the Group as a whole when making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance.
The following table summarizes the revenue information of the Group:
Geographic
Substantially all of the Group's revenues from external customers are located in the PRC.
Major customers
There were no customers from whom revenue accounted for 10% or more of total revenue for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. |
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- Definition The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Related Party Balances and Transactions |
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| Related Party Balances and Transactions | 13. Related Party Balances and Transactions
The table below sets forth major related parties and their relationships with the Group:
Subsequent to Leju’s IPO, E-House began charging the Group corporate service fees pursuant to agreements entered into in March 2014 in connection with Leju’s IPO. Under these services arrangements, E-House provides various corporate support services to the Group, including general finance and accounting, human resource management, administrative, internal control and internal audit, operational management, legal and information technology. E-House charges the Group a fee based on an estimate of the actual cost incurred to provide such services, which amounted to $8,585,821, $5,447,864 and $1,942,495 for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
During the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, significant related party transactions were as follows:
Note A: On May 28, 2018, the Company entered into an agreement with E-House to entrust the operation of its Online Furnishing platform business to E-House. E-House agreed to compensate the Company for any losses generated from the operation. Likewise, any profit from the operation would be equally shared by the Company and E-House. The amounts represent compensation receivable from E-House due to losses generated from the operation. The compensation was netted of “Selling, general and administrative expenses”. Such agreement was terminated on December 20, 2018.
Note B: The loan from E-House is interest free and can be settled on demand. There were no balances for such nature as of December 31, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
The transactions are measured at the amount of consideration established and agreed to by the related parties.
As of December 31, 2017 and 2018, amounts due from related parties were comprised of the following:
As of December 31,2017 and 2018, amounts due to related parties were comprised of the following:
The amount due to E-House as of December 31, 2017 was primarily for corporate service fees charged from E-House.
The amount due from Yunchuang and Baoku I&T as of December 31, 2017 was the expense paid on behalf.
The rollforward of the payable to/ (receivable from) E-House for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018 are as follows:
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- Definition The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Commitments and Contingencies |
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| Commitments and Contingencies | 14. Commitments and Contingencies
(a) Operating lease commitments
The Group has operating lease agreements principally for its office properties in the PRC. Such leases have remaining terms ranging from one to 112 months and are renewable upon negotiation. Rental expenses were $9,984,844, $9,982,604 and $9,900,044, for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating lease agreements at December 31, 2018 were as follows:
(b) Contingencies
The Group is subject to claims and legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Each of these matters is subject to various uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters may be decided unfavorably to the Group. The Group does not believe that any of these matters will have a material effect on its business, assets or operations. |
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition The entire disclosure for commitments and contingencies. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Subsequent Events |
12 Months Ended |
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Dec. 31, 2018 | |
| Subsequent Events | |
| Subsequent Events | 15. Subsequent Events
The Group has evaluated subsequent events through the date of this report. No significant subsequent events were noted. |
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition The entire disclosure for significant events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date through the date the financial statements were issued or the date the financial statements were available to be issued. Examples include: the sale of a capital stock issue, purchase of a business, settlement of litigation, catastrophic loss, significant foreign exchange rate changes, loans to insiders or affiliates, and transactions not in the ordinary course of business. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Summary of Principal Accounting Policies (Policies) |
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| Basis of presentation | (a) Basis of presentation
The consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("US GAAP").
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| Basis of consolidation | (b) Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Leju, its majority owned subsidiaries and its VIEs, Beijing Leju, Shanghai Yi Xin and Beijing Jiajujiu. All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
The Group evaluates each of its interests in private companies to determine whether or not the investee is a VIE and, if so, whether the Group is the primary beneficiary of such VIE. In determining whether the Group is the primary beneficiary, the Group considers if the Group (1) has power to direct the activities that most significantly affects the economic performance of the VIE, and (2) receives the economic benefits of the VIE that could be significant to the VIE. If deemed the primary beneficiary, the Group consolidates the VIE.
VIE arrangements
PRC regulations currently prohibit or restrict foreign ownership of companies that provide internet content and advertising services. To comply with these regulations, the Group provides such activities through its VIEs and their subsidiaries. To provide the Group effective control over and the ability to receive substantially all of the economic benefits of its VIEs and their subsidiaries, certain of the Company's subsidiaries, Shanghai SINA Leju, Shanghai Yi Yue and Beijing Maiteng (collectively, the "Foreign Owned Subsidiaries") entered into a series of contractual arrangements with Beijing Leju, Shanghai Yi Xin and Beijing Jiajujiu (collectively the "VIEs") and their respective shareholders, respectively, as summarized below:
The VIEs hold the requisite licenses and permits necessary to conduct internet content and advertising services activities from which foreign ownership of companies are prohibited or restricted. In addition, the VIEs hold leases and other assets necessary to operate such business and generate a majority of the Group's revenues.
Agreements that Transfer Economic Benefits of the VIEs to the Group
Exclusive Consulting and Technical Support Agreement. Pursuant to an exclusive consulting and technical support agreement between the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries and the respective VIEs, the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries provide the respective VIEs with a series of consulting and technical support services and are entitled to receive related fees. The term of this exclusive technical support agreement will expire upon dissolution of the VIEs. Unless expressly provided by this agreement, without prior written consent of the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries, the VIEs may not engage any third party to provide the services offered by the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries under this agreement.
Agreements that Provide Effective Control over VIEs
Exclusive Call Option Agreement. Each of the shareholders of the VIEs has entered into an exclusive call option agreement with the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries. Pursuant to these agreements, each of the shareholders of the VIEs has granted an irrevocable and unconditional option to the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries or their designees to acquire all or part of such shareholder's equity interests in VIEs at its sole discretion, to the extent as permitted by PRC laws and regulations then in effect. The consideration for such acquisition of all equity interests in the VIEs will be equal to the registered capital of the VIEs, and if PRC law requires the consideration to be greater than the registered capital, the consideration will be the minimum amount as permitted by PRC law. In addition, the VIEs irrevocably and unconditionally granted the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries an exclusive option to purchase, to the extent permitted under the PRC law, all or part of the assets of the VIEs. The exercise price for purchasing the assets of the VIEs will be equal to their respective book values, and if PRC law requires the price to be greater than the book value, the price will be the minimum amount as permitted by PRC law. The call option may be exercised by the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries or their designees.
Loan Agreement. Under the loan agreement among shareholders of the VIEs and the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries, each of the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries has granted an interest-free loan to the shareholders of the VIEs, solely for their purchase of the equity interest of the VIEs, investing or operating activities conducted in the VIEs. Each loan agreement will be due upon the earlier of twenty years from the date of execution or the expiration of the term of business of VIEs.
Shareholder Voting Right Proxy Agreement. Each of the shareholders of the VIEs has irrevocably granted any person designated by the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries the power to exercise all voting rights to which he will be entitled to as shareholder of the VIEs at that time, including the right to declare dividends, appoint and elect board members and senior management members and other voting rights.
Each shareholder voting right proxy agreement has a term of twenty years, unless it is early terminated by all parties in writing or pursuant to provision of this agreement. The term of the agreement will be automatically extended for one year upon the expiration, if the Foreign Owned Subsidiary gives the other parties written notice requiring the extension at least 30 days prior to expiration and the same mechanism will apply subsequently upon the expiration of each extended term.
Equity Pledge Agreement. Each of the shareholders of the VIEs has also entered into an equity pledge agreement with the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries. Pursuant to which these shareholders pledged their respective equity interest in the VIEs to guarantee the performance of the obligations of the VIEs. The Foreign Owned Subsidiaries, as pledgee, will be entitled to certain rights, including the right to sell the pledged equity interests. Pursuant to the equity pledge agreement, each shareholder of the VIEs cannot transfer, sell, pledge, dispose of or otherwise create any new encumbrance on their respective equity interest in the VIEs without the prior written consent of the respective Foreign Owned Subsidiaries. The equity pledge right enjoyed by the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries will expire when shareholders of the VIEs have fully performed their respective obligations under the above agreements. The equity pledges of the VIEs have been registered with the relevant local branch of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, or SAIC.
Risks in relation to the VIE structure
The Company believes that the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries' contractual arrangements with the VIEs are in compliance with PRC law and are legally enforceable. However, uncertainties in the PRC legal system could limit the Company's ability to enforce these contractual arrangements and the interests of the shareholders of the VIEs may diverge from that of the Company and that may potentially increase the risk that they would seek to act contrary to the contractual terms, for example by influencing the VIEs not to pay the service fees when required to do so.
The Company's ability to control the VIEs also depends on the power of attorney the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries have to vote on all matters requiring shareholder approval in the VIEs. As noted above, the Company believes this power of attorney is legally enforceable but may not be as effective as direct equity ownership.
In addition, if the legal structure and contractual arrangements were found to be in violation of any existing PRC laws and regulations, the Company may be subject to fines or other actions. The Company does not believe such actions would result in the liquidation or dissolution of the Company, the Foreign Owned Subsidiaries or the VIEs.
The Company, through its subsidiaries and through the contractual arrangements, has (1) the power to direct the activities of the VIEs that most significantly affect the entity's economic performance and (2) the right to receive benefits from the VIEs. Accordingly, the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIEs and has consolidated the financial results of the VIEs.
The following financial statement amounts and balances of the Group's VIEs were included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, after elimination of inter-company balances and transactions:
There are no consolidated VIEs’ assets that are collateral for the VIEs’ obligations or are restricted solely to settle the VIEs’ obligations. The Company has not provided any financial support that it was not previously contractually required to provide to the VIEs.
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| Use of estimates | (c) Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from such estimates. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Group’s financial statements include useful lives and valuation of long-lived assets, evaluation of goodwill, allowance for doubtful accounts, assumptions related to share-based compensation arrangements, assumptions related to the consolidation of entities in which the Group holds variable interests and valuation allowance on deferred tax.
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| Fair value of financial instruments | (d) Fair value of financial instruments
The Group records its financial assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value reflects the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Group considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability.
The Group applies a fair value hierarchy that requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s categorization within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.
Level 3 applies to assets or liabilities for which there are unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis are comprised of marketable securities. The Group uses quoted price in active markets (Level 1) to determine the fair value of marketable securities.
There are no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in 2016, 2017 and 2018.
For cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, contract assets, customer deposits, other receivables, accounts payable, other payables, and amounts due from/to related parties, the carrying value approximates its fair value due to its short-term nature.
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| Business combinations | (e) Business combinations
Business combinations are recorded using the purchase method of accounting and, accordingly, the acquired assets and liabilities are recorded at their fair market value at the date of acquisition. Any excess of acquisition cost over the fair value of the acquired assets and liabilities, including identifiable intangible assets, is recorded as goodwill.
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| Cash and cash equivalents | (f) Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and demand deposits, which are unrestricted as to withdrawal and use, and which have original maturities of three months or less.
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| Restricted cash | (g) Restricted cash
In 2017, the Group was involved in a lawsuit for the settlement of certain marketing expenses and paid deposits to a restricted bank account monitored by the court. During 2018, the lawsuit was settled and the deposits were returned back to the Group.
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| Marketable securities | (h) Marketable securities
Marketable securities include securities that are classified as trading securities. Trading securities represent equity securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term, and they are reported at fair value, with both unrealized and realized gains and losses reported as other income (loss). The fair value of marketable securities is based upon the quoted price in an active market for identical instruments (Level 1).
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| Customer deposits | (i) Customer deposits
The Group provides online real estate e-commerce services for customers. Some real estate developers require the Group to pay an upfront and refundable deposit to obtain the exclusive right to provide e-commerce services for a real estate development project. These deposits are refunded to the Group subject to certain pre-determined criteria specified in the deposit agreement. Customer deposits are recorded as either current or non-current assets based on the Group’s estimate of the date of refund. As of December 31, 2018, all customer deposits are refundable within 12 months and none of them passed the original due date.
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| Investment in affiliates | (j) Investment in affiliates
Affiliated companies are entities over which the Group has significant influence, but which it does not control. The Group generally considers an ownership interest of 20% in common stock or higher to represent a presumption that they are able to exert significant influence.
Investments in affiliates are accounted for by the equity method of accounting. Under this method, the Group’s share of the post-acquisition profits or losses of affiliated companies is recognized in the income statement and its share of post-acquisition movements in other comprehensive income is recognized in other comprehensive income. Unrealized gains on transactions between the Group and its affiliated companies are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest in the affiliated companies; unrealized losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred. When the Group’s share of losses in an affiliated company equals or exceeds its interest in the affiliated company, the Group does not recognize further losses, unless the Group has incurred obligations or made payments on behalf of the affiliated company.
The Group is required to perform an impairment assessment of its investments whenever events or changes in business circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the investment may not be fully recoverable. An impairment loss is recorded when there has been a loss in value of the investment that is other than temporary. The Group has not recorded any impairment losses in any of the periods reported. As of December 31,2017 and 2018, the Group determined that no such events were present.
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| Property and equipment, net | (k) Property and equipment, net
Property and equipment is recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:
Gains and losses from the disposal of property and equipment are included in loss from operations.
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| Intangible assets, net | (l) Intangible assets, net
Acquired intangible assets mainly consist of the advertising agency agreement and license agreements with SINA, customer relationships, and database license are recorded at fair value on the acquisition date. All intangible assets, with the exception of customer relationships, are amortized ratably over the contract period. Intangible assets resulting out of acquired customer relationships are amortized based on the timing of the revenue expected to be derived from the respective customer.
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| Impairment of long-lived assets | (m) Impairment of long-lived assets
The Group evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. When these events occur, the Group measures impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the assets to future undiscounted net cash flow expected to result from the use of the assets and their eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected undiscounted cash flow is less than the carrying amount of the assets, the Group will recognize an impairment loss equal to the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of the assets.
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| Impairment of goodwill | (n) Impairment of goodwill
The Group evaluates the recoverability of goodwill annually or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change in the interim that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the asset below its carrying amount. Goodwill is considered to be impaired when the carrying value of a reporting unit or asset exceeds its fair value. The Group currently has only one reporting unit: Leju online segment.
In the evaluation of goodwill for impairment, the Group first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the Group determines that it is not more likely than not for a reporting unit’s fair value to be less than its carrying value, a calculation of the fair value is not performed. If the Group determines that it is more likely than not for a reporting unit’s fair value to be less than its carrying value, a calculation of the reporting unit’s fair value is performed and compared to the carrying value of that unit. An impairment loss is recorded equal to the excess of the reporting unit’s carrying value over its fair value.
Generally, the Group measures fair value of reporting units based on a present value of future discounted cash flows and an income valuation approach. The discounted cash flow models indicate the fair value of the reporting units based on the present value of the cash flow that the reporting units are expected to generate in the future. Significant estimates in the discounted cash flow models include: the weighted average cost of capital; long-term rate of growth and profitability of the Group’s business; and working capital effects. The key assumptions used in the income approach, which requires significant management judgment, include forecasted cash flows which consider the historical financial trends, business growth rate and market share, as well as terminal value and discount rate. Significant increases in discount rate or decrease in terminal value in isolation would result in a significantly lower fair value measurement.
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| Income taxes | (o) Income taxes
Deferred income taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities, and their reported amounts in the financial statements, net operating loss carry forwards and credits by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years when the reported amounts of the asset or liability are expected to be recovered or settled, respectively. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Current income taxes are provided for in accordance with the laws of the relevant taxing authorities.
The Group only recognizes tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions when such positions are more likely than not of being sustained upon examination. For such positions, the amount of tax benefit that the Group recognizes is the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than fifty percent likely of being sustained upon the ultimate settlement of such uncertain position. The Group records interest and penalties as a component of income tax expense.
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| Share-based compensation | (p) Share-based compensation
Share-based compensation cost is measured on the grant date of the share award, based on the fair value of the award, and recognized as an expense over the requisite service period. Management has made an estimate of expected forfeitures and recognizes compensation cost only for those equity awards expected to vest. |
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| Revenue recognition | (q) Revenue recognition
The Group generates real estate online revenues principally from e-commerce, online advertising, and listing services and enters into separate contracts with its customers under each revenue stream. Revenues are recorded, net of sales related taxes.
The Group has adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) and all subsequent ASUs that modified ASC 606 on January 1, 2018 and has elected to apply it retrospectively for the year ended December 31, 2018.
The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve that core principle, the Group applies the following steps:
The full retrospective method requires an entity to present financial statements for all periods as if the new revenue standard had been applied to all prior periods. The Group concluded that the cumulative effect to the beginning balance of shareholders' equity as of January 1, 2016 by implementation of the ASC 606 is not significant while the Group records contract assets when the Group does not have an unconditional right to consideration for its services rendered. Accounts receivable as of December 31, 2017 was retrospectively adjusted by the amount of $1,410,198 to contract assets as a result of the adoption.
The Group offers individual property buyers discount coupons that enable them to purchase specified properties from real estate developers at discounts greater than the face value of the fees charged by the Group. Discount coupons are collected initially upfront from the property buyers and are refundable at any time before they are used to purchase the specified properties. As such, these fees are recorded in advance from customers in the Group's consolidated balance sheets. The Group determines its customers to be the individual property buyers and has identified one single performance obligation to be the sale of discount coupons. The Group determines the sale of discount coupons to be satisfied at a point in time only when the confirmation letters are obtained from its customers that prove the use of the coupons. The transaction price is the face value of the discount coupon fees charged by the Group which is fixed in the contract with the individual property buyers.
Online advertising
Revenue from online advertising services is principally from online advertising arrangements, and keyword advertising arrangements. Online advertising arrangements allow advertisers to place advertisements on particular areas of the Group’s online platforms, in particular formats and over particular periods of time. Keyword advertising arrangements allow advertisers to reach certain customer markets based on particular keywords utilized by them over a particular period of time.
The Group enters into separate contracts with its customers for online advertising and keyword advertising arrangements and determines its customers to be the advertisers. As such each promise is identified as a separate performance obligation that is recognized ratably over the contract period and when collection is probable. The transaction price is fixed per contract. No rebates or discounts are given to the advertisers.
Listing services entitle real estate brokers to post and make changes to information for properties in a particular area on the website for a specified period of time, in exchange for a fixed fee.
The Group determines its customers to be the real estate brokers and has identified a single performance obligation that is recognized over time on a straight-line basis over the contract period of display and when collection is probable. The transaction price is the fixed fee outlined in the contract. No rebates or discounts are given to the real estate brokers.
Contract balances
The Group does not have unconditional right to the consideration for advertising or listing services until all promises have been fulfilled and therefore initially records a contract asset when recognizing revenue. Upon fulfillment of all advertising or listing services, contract assets will be reclassified as a receivable. Contract assets recognized were $1,410,198 and $2,137,107 for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2018 respectively.
Disaggregation of revenue
In accordance with ASC 606-10-50, the Group believes the disaggregation of revenue from contracts with customers by E-Commerce, Online advertising and Listing to sufficiently achieve the disclosure objective of depicting how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.
Practical Expedients and Exemptions
For the Group's contracts that have an original duration of one year or less, the Group uses the practical expedient applicable to such contracts and has not disclosed the transaction prices for the remaining performance obligations as of the end of the reporting period or when the Group expects to recognize this revenue. |
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| Cost of revenue |
(r) Cost of revenue
Cost of revenue consists of costs associated with the production of websites, which includes fees paid to third parties for internet connection, content and services, editorial personnel related costs, amortization of intangible assets, depreciation associated with website production equipment and fees paid for advertising resources. |
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| Marketing and advertising expenses | (s) Marketing and advertising expenses
Marketing and advertising expenses consists primarily of targeted online and offline marketing costs for promoting the Group’s e-commerce projects, increasing our visibility and building our brand, such as Leju property visit, sponsored marketing campaigns, online or print advertising, public relations and sponsored events. The Group expenses all marketing advertising costs as incurred and record these costs within “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on the consolidated statements of operations when incurred. The nature of the Group’s direct marketing activities is such that they are intended to attract subscribers for the online advertising and potential property buyers to purchase the discount coupons. The Group incurred marketing and advertising expenses amounting to $345,862,479, $292,076,010 and $300,773,157 for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively.
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| Foreign currency translation | (t) Foreign currency translation
The functional currency of the Company is the United States dollar (“U.S. dollar”) and is used as the reporting currency of the Group. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollar at the rates of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. Equity accounts are translated at historical exchange rates and revenues, expenses, gains and losses are translated using the average rate for the year. Translation adjustments are reported as foreign currency translation adjustment and are shown as a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss) in the consolidated statements of changes in equity and comprehensive loss.
The financial records of certain of the Company’s subsidiaries are maintained in local currencies other than the U.S. dollar, such as Renminbi (“RMB”) and Hong Kong dollar (“HKD”), which are their functional currencies. Transactions in other currencies are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing when the transactions occur. Transaction gains and losses are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.
The Group recorded an exchange gain $64,650, exchange loss $619,269 and $3,800,728 for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively, as a component of other income (loss), net, in the consolidated statements of operations.
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| Government subsidies | (u) Government subsidies
Government subsidies include cash subsidies received by the Company's subsidiaries and VIEs in the PRC from local governments. These subsidies are generally provided as incentives for conducting business in certain local districts and are typically granted based on the amount of value-added tax, business tax, and income tax payment generated by the Group in certain local districts. Such subsidies allow the Group full discretion in utilizing the funds and are used by the Group for general corporate purpose. The local governments have final discretion as to the amount of cash subsidies. Cash subsidies of $4,586,746, $3,071,865 and $2,163,443 were included in other operating income for the years ended December 31,2016, 2017 and 2018, respectively. Subsidies are recognized when cash is received and when all the conditions for their receipt have been satisfied.
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| Concentration of credit risk | (v) Concentration of credit risk
Financial instruments that potentially expose the Group to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and customer deposits. The Group deposits its cash and cash equivalents in the reputable financial institutions.
The Group regularly reviews creditworthiness of its customers, and requires collateral or other security from its customers in certain circumstances when accounts receivables’ aging is over one year. The Group establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts primarily based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, including creditworthiness of the clients, aging of the receivables and other specific circumstances related to the accounts. Accounts receivable balances are written off after all collection efforts have been exhausted.
Movement of the allowance for doubtful accounts for accounts receivable is as follows:
The allowance for other receivables in prepaid expenses and other current assets was nil for all periods presented.
Details of the accounts receivable and contract assets from customers accounting for 10% or more of total net accounts receivable and contract assets are as follows:
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| Loss per share | (w) Loss per share
Basic loss per share is computed by dividing loss attributable to holders of ordinary shares by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period.
Diluted loss per ordinary share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue ordinary shares were exercised or converted into ordinary shares.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted loss per share for the periods indicated:
Diluted loss per share do not include the following instruments as their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:
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| Non-controlling interest | (x) Non-controlling interest
Non-controlling interest classified as a separate line item in the equity section and disclosures in the Company's consolidated financial statements have distinguished the interest of Leju from the interest of non-controlling interest holders. |
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| Comprehensive loss | (y) Comprehensive loss
Comprehensive loss includes all changes in equity except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. For the years presented, total comprehensive loss includes net loss and foreign currency translation adjustments |
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| Recently issued accounting pronouncements |
(z) Recently issued accounting pronouncements In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The guidance supersedes existing guidance on accounting for leases with the main difference being that operating leases are to be recorded in the statement of financial position as right of use assets and lease liabilities, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. For operating leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election not to recognize lease assets and liabilities. In transition, entities are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. In July 2018 (ASU 2018-11), the FASB further amended the guidance to provide another transition method in addition to the existing transition method by allowing entities to initially apply the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognize an accumulative-effective adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Group are implementing an enterprise-wide lease accounting system and are in the process of verifying data in the system that will enable the Group to estimate the amounts of those assets and liabilities. The Group have reviewed all leases and are in the process of reviewing its documentation and conclusions to generate the initial accounting entries upon adoption of the standard. The Group expects the right-of-use asset and lease liability to exceed $36.3 million each. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Credit Losses, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU provides more useful information about expected credit losses to financial statement users and changes how entities will measure credit losses on financial instruments and timing of when such losses should be recognized. This ASU is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for all entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods therein. The updates should be applied through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective (that is, a modified-retrospective approach). The Group is in the process of evaluating the impact on its combined and consolidated financial statements upon adoption. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. ASU 2018-13 eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The amendments applicable to the disclosures of changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial year of adoption. This ASU is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods therein. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. Early adoption is permitted, and an entity is also permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective date. The Group is in the process of evaluating the impact on its consolidated financial statements upon adoption. |
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for the treatment of funds paid to some real estate developers as an upfront and refundable deposit to obtain the exclusive cooperation for e-commerce services of the real estate development projects. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for government subsidies. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for non-controlling interest No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for advertising costs. For those costs that cannot be capitalized, discloses whether such costs are expensed as incurred or the first period in which the advertising takes place. For direct response advertising costs that are capitalized, describes those assets and the accounting policy used, including a description of the qualifying activity, the types of costs capitalized and the related amortization period. An entity also may disclose its accounting policy for cooperative advertising arrangements. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for basis of accounting, or basis of presentation, used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS). No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for completed business combinations (purchase method, acquisition method or combination of entities under common control). This accounting policy may include a general discussion of the purchase method or acquisition method of accounting (including for example, the treatment accorded contingent consideration, the identification of assets and liabilities, the purchase price allocation process, how the fair values of acquired assets and liabilities are determined) and the entity's specific application thereof. An entity that acquires another entity in a leveraged buyout transaction generally discloses the accounting policy followed by the acquiring entity in determining the basis used to value its interest in the acquired entity, and the rationale for that accounting policy. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Entity's cash and cash equivalents accounting policy with respect to restricted balances. Restrictions may include legally restricted deposits held as compensating balances against short-term borrowing arrangements, contracts entered into with others, or company statements of intention with regard to particular deposits; however, time deposits and short-term certificates of deposit are not generally included in legally restricted deposits. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for cash and cash equivalents with respect to unrestricted balances. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for comprehensive income. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for credit risk. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy regarding (1) the principles it follows in consolidating or combining the separate financial statements, including the principles followed in determining the inclusion or exclusion of subsidiaries or other entities in the consolidated or combined financial statements and (2) its treatment of interests (for example, common stock, a partnership interest or other means of exerting influence) in other entities, for example consolidation or use of the equity or cost methods of accounting. The accounting policy may also address the accounting treatment for intercompany accounts and transactions, noncontrolling interest, and the income statement treatment in consolidation for issuances of stock by a subsidiary. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for recognition of costs in the period which correspond to the sales and revenue categories presented in the statement of operations. The accounting policy may include the amount and nature of costs incurred, provisions associated with inventories, purchase discounts, freight and other costs included in cost of sales incurred and recorded in the period. This disclosure also includes the nature of costs of sales incurred and recorded in the statement of operations for the period relating to transactions with related parties. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for computing basic and diluted earnings or loss per share for each class of common stock and participating security. Addresses all significant policy factors, including any antidilutive items that have been excluded from the computation and takes into account stock dividends, splits and reverse splits that occur after the balance sheet date of the latest reporting period but before the issuance of the financial statements. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for determining the fair value of financial instruments. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for (1) transactions denominated in a currency other than the reporting enterprise's functional currency, (2) translating foreign currency financial statements that are incorporated into the financial statements of the reporting enterprise by consolidation, combination, or the equity method of accounting, and (3) remeasurement of the financial statements of a foreign reporting enterprise in a hyperinflationary economy. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for intangible assets. This accounting policy may address both intangible assets subject to amortization and those that are not. The following also may be disclosed: (1) a description of intangible assets (2) the estimated useful lives of those assets (3) the amortization method used (4) how the entity assesses and measures impairment of such assets (5) how future cash flows are estimated (6) how the fair values of such asset are determined. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for the impairment and disposal of long-lived assets including goodwill and other intangible assets. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for recognizing and measuring the impairment of long-lived assets. An entity also may disclose its accounting policy for long-lived assets to be sold. This policy excludes goodwill and intangible assets. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for income taxes, which may include its accounting policies for recognizing and measuring deferred tax assets and liabilities and related valuation allowances, recognizing investment tax credits, operating loss carryforwards, tax credit carryforwards, and other carryforwards, methodologies for determining its effective income tax rate and the characterization of interest and penalties in the financial statements. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for investments in financial assets, including marketable securities (debt and equity securities with readily determinable fair values), investments accounted for under the equity method and cost method, securities borrowed and loaned, and repurchase and resale agreements. For marketable securities, the disclosure may include the entity's accounting treatment for transfers between investment categories and how the fair values for such securities are determined. Also, for all investments, an entity may describe its policy for assessing, recognizing and measuring impairment of the investment. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for investment classified as marketable security. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy pertaining to new accounting pronouncements that may impact the entity's financial reporting. Includes, but is not limited to, quantification of the expected or actual impact. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for long-lived, physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, basis of assets, depreciation and depletion methods used, including composite deprecation, estimated useful lives, capitalization policy, accounting treatment for costs incurred for repairs and maintenance, capitalized interest and the method it is calculated, disposals and impairments. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for revenue from contract with customer. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for stock option and stock incentive plans. This disclosure may include (1) the types of stock option or incentive plans sponsored by the entity (2) the groups that participate in (or are covered by) each plan (3) significant plan provisions and (4) how stock compensation is measured, and the methodologies and significant assumptions used to determine that measurement. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Disclosure of accounting policy for the use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Organization and Principal Activities (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Organization and Principal Activities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of major subsidiaries and consolidated VIEs |
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition A tabular presentation of the information summarizing information of major subsidiaries and the consolidated VIEs. It reflects specified information about date of incorporation, place of incorporation and percentage of ownership in such entities. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
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Summary of Principal Accounting Policies (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of foreign owned subsidiaries economic ownership in variable interest entities |
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| Schedule of financial statement amounts and balances of the Group's VIEs |
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| Schedule of property, plant and equipment, useful life |
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| Schedule of movement of the allowance for doubtful accounts for accounts receivable |
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| Schedule of the computation of basic and diluted loss per share |
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| Schedule of antidilutive securities excluded from computation of diluted loss per share |
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| Customer risk | Accounts receivable | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of concentration risk |
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of financial statement amounts and balances of the Group's variable interest entities. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of the entity's foreign owned subsidiaries economic ownership in variable interest entities. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of the useful life of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of the various types of trade accounts and notes receivable and for each the gross carrying value, allowance, and net carrying value as of the balance sheet date. Presentation is categorized by current, noncurrent and unclassified receivables. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS because to do so would increase EPS amounts or decrease loss per share amounts for the period presented, by antidilutive securities. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of an entity's basic and diluted earnings per share calculations, including a reconciliation of numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted per-share computations for income from continuing operations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of the nature of a concentration, a benchmark to which it is compared, and the percentage that the risk is to the benchmark. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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Business Acquisition (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Business Acquisition | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of purchase price allocation |
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| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of the amounts recognized as of the acquisition date for each major class of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. May include but not limited to the following: (a) acquired receivables; (b) contingencies recognized at the acquisition date; and (c) the fair value of noncontrolling interests in the acquiree. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Property and Equipment, Net (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property and Equipment, Net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of property and equipment, net |
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| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, balances by class of assets, depreciation and depletion expense and method used, including composite depreciation, and accumulated deprecation. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Intangible Assets, Net (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of intangible assets, net |
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| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life, by either major class or business segment. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Goodwill (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of changes in the carrying amount of goodwill |
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| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of goodwill by reportable segment and in total which includes a rollforward schedule. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Other Income (loss), Net (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Income (loss), Net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of other income (loss), net |
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| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of non-operating income or non-operating expense that may include amounts earned from dividends, interest on securities, gains (losses) on securities sold, equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net gain (loss) on sales of business, interest expense and other miscellaneous income or expense items. No definition available.
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Income Tax (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Tax | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of components of income (loss) before income taxes |
|
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| Schedule of expenses (benefits) for income taxes |
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| Schedule of principal components of the deferred income tax assets/liabilities |
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| Schedule of movement of the valuation allowance |
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| Schedule of reconciliation between the provision for income tax computed by applying the statutory tax rate to income before income taxes and the actual provision for income taxes |
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| Schedule of the aggregate amount and per share effect of the tax holiday |
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| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of income before income tax between domestic and foreign jurisdictions. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of the income tax exemptions and reductions which have been granted by taxing authorities for a specified period, applicable term of the exemptions and reductions, estimated dollar value of tax benefits, and per share benefits. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of valuation allowances to reduce deferred tax assets to net realizable value, including identification of the deferred tax asset more likely than not will not be fully realized and the corresponding amount of the valuation allowance. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Share-Based Compensation (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Leju Plan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of assumptions used to estimate the fair value of share options granted |
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| Summary of option activities |
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| Omnigold Plan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Summary of option activities |
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure for stock option plans. Includes, but is not limited to, outstanding awards at beginning and end of year, grants, exercises, forfeitures, and weighted-average grant date fair value. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of the significant assumptions used during the year to estimate the fair value of stock options, including, but not limited to: (a) expected term of share options and similar instruments, (b) expected volatility of the entity's shares, (c) expected dividends, (d) risk-free rate(s), and (e) discount for post-vesting restrictions. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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Segment Information (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Segment Information | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Summary of the revenue information of the Group |
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of entity-wide revenues from external customers for each product or service or each group of similar products or services if the information is not provided as part of the reportable operating segment information. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
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Related Party Balances and Transactions (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Dec. 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Related Party Balances and Transactions | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of major related parties and their relationships |
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| Schedule of significant related party transactions |
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| Schedule of amounts due from related parties |
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| Schedule of amounts due to related parties |
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| Schedule of rollforward of the payable to / (receivable from) balance with related party |
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of amounts due from related parties. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of amounts due to related parties. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of major related parties and their relationships. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance with related parties. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include, but are not limited to, transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners and (d) affiliates. No definition available.
|
Commitments and Contingencies (Tables) |
12 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schedule of future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating lease agreements |
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| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Tabular disclosure of future minimum payments required in the aggregate and for each of the five succeeding fiscal years for operating leases having initial or remaining noncancelable lease terms in excess of one year and the total minimum rentals to be received in the future under noncancelable subleases as of the balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
Organization and Principal Activities (Details) - USD ($) |
Dec. 30, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2018 |
|---|---|---|
| E-House | SINA | ||
| Major subsidiaries and the consolidated VIEs | ||
| Total ordinary shares repurchased, ordinary shares transferred (in shares) | 40,651,187 | |
| Total cash consideration for repurchase of ordinary shares | $ 129,038,150 | |
| Shanghai SINA Leju | ||
| Major subsidiaries and the consolidated VIEs | ||
| Ownership percentage | 100.00% | |
| City RE-House | ||
| Major subsidiaries and the consolidated VIEs | ||
| Ownership percentage | 100.00% | |
| Shanghai Yi Yue | ||
| Major subsidiaries and the consolidated VIEs | ||
| Ownership percentage | 100.00% | |
| Beijing Maiteng | ||
| Major subsidiaries and the consolidated VIEs | ||
| Ownership percentage | 84.00% |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The number of subsidiary's ordinary shares transferred for the repurchase of common stock. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The parent entity's interest in net assets of the subsidiary, expressed as a percentage. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The cash outflow to reacquire common stock during the period. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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Summary of Principal Accounting Policies - VIE Arrangements (Details) |
12 Months Ended |
|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 | |
| Foreign owned subsidiaries economic ownership in variable interest entities | |
| Term of loan agreement | 20 years |
| Term of each shareholder voting right proxy agreement | 20 years |
| Automatic extended term of shareholder voting right proxy agreement | 1 year |
| Minimum | |
| Foreign owned subsidiaries economic ownership in variable interest entities | |
| Written notice for extension prior to expiration under shareholder voting right proxy agreement period | 30 days |
| Beijing Leju | Shanghai SINA Leju | |
| Foreign owned subsidiaries economic ownership in variable interest entities | |
| Ownership interest (as a percent) | 100.00% |
| Shanghai Yi Xin | Shanghai Yi Yue | |
| Foreign owned subsidiaries economic ownership in variable interest entities | |
| Ownership interest (as a percent) | 100.00% |
| Beijing Jiajujiu | Beijing Maiteng | |
| Foreign owned subsidiaries economic ownership in variable interest entities | |
| Ownership interest (as a percent) | 100.00% |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the automatic extended term of shareholder voting right proxy agreement. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the term of each shareholder voting right proxy agreement. No definition available.
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the term of loan agreement. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Period of written notice for extension prior to Expiration under shareholder voting right proxy agreement, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of the Variable Interest Entity's (VIE) voting interest owned by (or beneficial interest in) the reporting entity (directly or indirectly). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Summary of Principal Accounting Policies - VIE Amounts and Balances (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
||||
| Financial statement amounts and balances of the Group's VIEs | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ 147,263,466 | $ 150,967,996 | [1] | $ 274,337,674 | ||
| Restricted cash | 336,690 | |||||
| Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts | 102,697,121 | 79,195,932 | [1] | |||
| Contract assets | 2,137,107 | 1,410,198 | [1] | |||
| Customer deposits | 10,671,689 | 35,822,756 | [1] | |||
| Amounts due from related parties | 6,694,579 | 4,077,008 | [1] | |||
| Other current assets | 8,620,215 | 9,945,011 | [1] | |||
| Total current assets | 280,550,991 | 284,833,003 | [1] | |||
| Accounts payable | 803,275 | 2,949,725 | [1] | |||
| Accrued payroll and welfare expenses | 30,628,336 | 37,081,532 | [1] | |||
| Income tax payable | 58,029,858 | 63,380,153 | [1] | |||
| Other tax payable | 12,675,205 | 11,654,145 | [1] | |||
| Amounts due to related parties | 3,477,193 | 3,092,870 | [1] | |||
| Advances from customers | 26,872,685 | 10,564,818 | [1] | |||
| Accrued marketing and advertising expenses | 14,895,973 | 18,851,999 | [1] | |||
| Other current liabilities | 12,998,663 | 16,315,380 | [1] | |||
| Total current liabilities | 160,381,188 | 163,890,622 | [1] | |||
| Deferred tax liabilities | 14,779,770 | 18,016,186 | [1] | |||
| Revenues | 462,030,656 | 362,532,033 | 559,511,110 | |||
| Cost of revenues | (72,909,834) | (74,054,524) | (57,491,395) | |||
| Net income (loss) | (12,851,383) | (162,043,234) | (11,601,068) | |||
| Net cash provided by/(used in) by operating activities | 1,692,301 | (124,168,081) | 35,108,526 | |||
| Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities | 806,164 | (8,111,610) | (4,315,843) | |||
| Net cash used in financing activities | (1,862,593) | (4,604,993) | ||||
| Consolidated VIEs without recourse | ||||||
| Financial statement amounts and balances of the Group's VIEs | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 86,850,225 | 57,745,894 | ||||
| Restricted cash | 336,690 | |||||
| Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts | 101,824,418 | 67,434,568 | ||||
| Contract assets | 2,137,107 | 1,410,198 | ||||
| Customer deposits | 8,941,442 | 8,648,959 | ||||
| Amounts due from related parties | 11,061,430 | 4,077,008 | ||||
| Other current assets | 5,756,953 | 5,987,132 | ||||
| Total current assets | 216,571,575 | 145,640,449 | ||||
| Total non-current assets | 38,951,179 | 56,767,649 | ||||
| Total assets | 255,522,754 | 202,408,098 | ||||
| Accounts payable | 225,700 | 1,771,717 | ||||
| Accrued payroll and welfare expenses | 23,622,869 | 28,021,779 | ||||
| Income tax payable | 25,597,112 | 25,705,206 | ||||
| Other tax payable | 11,730,876 | 11,166,308 | ||||
| Amounts due to related parties | 3,862,779 | 1,245,000 | ||||
| Advances from customers | 26,576,831 | 10,050,703 | ||||
| Accrued marketing and advertising expenses | 9,439,740 | 14,117,697 | ||||
| Other current liabilities | 10,338,171 | 15,606,182 | ||||
| Total current liabilities | 111,394,078 | 107,684,592 | ||||
| Deferred tax liabilities | 275,223 | 414,505 | ||||
| Total liabilities | 111,669,301 | 108,099,097 | ||||
| Revenues | 459,944,563 | 357,698,260 | 540,838,424 | |||
| Cost of revenues | (64,237,782) | (64,947,541) | (45,641,656) | |||
| Net income (loss) | 952,919 | (4,453,820) | 2,286,007 | |||
| Net cash provided by/(used in) by operating activities | 33,053,169 | (33,297,103) | 43,652,445 | |||
| Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities | 31,110 | $ (2,551,687) | (1,945,215) | |||
| Net cash used in financing activities | $ (6,782,336) | |||||
| Assets of VIE's held as collateral or restricted to settle obligations | $ 0 | |||||
| ||||||
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount received from potential customers for the potential purchase of goods or services, classified as current. It is a refund liability if the customers decide not to purchase the services, otherwise, it will be earned as revenue. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of obligation related to the accrued marketing and advertising expenses. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable for other taxes. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer), for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, reduced to the estimated net realizable fair value by an allowance established by the entity of the amount it deems uncertain of collection. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of the unpaid sum of the known and estimated amounts payable to satisfy all currently due domestic and foreign income tax obligations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold or consumed after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle, if longer. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of right to consideration in exchange for good or service transferred to customer when right is conditioned on something other than passage of time, classified as current. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The aggregate costs related to goods produced and sold and services rendered by an entity during the reporting period. This excludes costs incurred during the reporting period related to financial services rendered and other revenue generating activities. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences with jurisdictional netting. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The aggregate amount of receivables to be collected from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth, at the financial statement date. which are usually due within one year (or one business cycle). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties. For classified balance sheets, represents the current portion of such liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Total of the carrying values as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for obligations related to services received from employees, such as accrued salaries and bonuses, payroll taxes and fringe benefits. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The fair value as of the balance sheet date of financial instruments and other positions owned by the entity and pledged to counterparties as collateral, including: (1) mortgages, mortgage-backed and asset backed securities; (2) US government and agency obligations; (3) state and municipal government obligations; (4) other sovereign government debt; (5) corporate obligations; (6) corporate equities; (7) principal investments; (8) derivative contracts; and (9) physical commodities. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits in future periods, and amount of other assets that are expected to be realized or consumed within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The amount of an asset, typically cash, provided to a counterparty to provide certain assurance of performance by the entity pursuant to the terms of a written or oral agreement, such as a lease. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The carrying amount of the consolidated Variable Interest Entity's assets included in the reporting entity's statement of financial position. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The carrying amount of the consolidated Variable Interest Entity's liabilities included in the reporting entity's statement of financial position. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Summary of Principal Accounting Policies - Various Policies (Details) |
12 Months Ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
segment
|
Dec. 31, 2017
USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2016
USD ($)
|
||||
| Customer deposits | ||||||
| Customer deposits maturity period | 12 months | |||||
| Impairment of goodwill | ||||||
| Number of reporting units | segment | 1 | |||||
| Revenue recognition | ||||||
| Rebates or discounts given to advertisers | $ 0 | |||||
| Rebates or discounts given to real estate brokers | 0 | |||||
| Contract assets | $ 2,137,107 | $ 1,410,198 | [1] | |||
| Contracts of original duration of one year or less | true | |||||
| Marketing and advertising expenses | ||||||
| Marketing and advertising expenses | $ 300,773,157 | 292,076,010 | $ 345,862,479 | |||
| Government subsidies | ||||||
| Cash subsidies included in other operating income | 2,163,443 | 3,071,865 | 4,586,746 | |||
| Movement of the allowance for doubtful accounts for accounts receivable | ||||||
| Balance at beginning of the year | 21,827,663 | 31,160,340 | 26,350,814 | |||
| Provisions for doubtful accounts | 1,892,838 | 4,399,176 | 14,797,072 | |||
| Write offs | (4,576,818) | (15,325,934) | (8,081,575) | |||
| Changes due to foreign exchange | (948,301) | 1,594,081 | (1,905,971) | |||
| Balance at end of the year | 18,195,382 | 21,827,663 | 31,160,340 | |||
| Allowance for other receivables in prepaid expenses and other current assets | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Government subsidies | ||||||
| Government subsidies | ||||||
| Cash subsidies included in other operating income | 2,163,443 | 3,071,865 | 4,586,746 | |||
| Other income, net | ||||||
| Foreign currency translation | ||||||
| Foreign exchange gain | 64,650 | |||||
| Foreign exchange loss | $ 3,800,728 | 619,269 | ||||
| Buildings | ||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||
| Estimated useful lives | P30Y | |||||
| Motor vehicles | ||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||
| Estimated useful lives | P5Y | |||||
| Minimum | Furniture, fixtures and equipment | ||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||
| Estimated useful lives | P3Y | |||||
| Maximum | Furniture, fixtures and equipment | ||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||
| Estimated useful lives | P5Y | |||||
| Nonrecurring | ||||||
| Fair value of financial instruments | ||||||
| Fair value of assets | $ 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Fair value of liabilities | 0 | 0 | $ 0 | |||
| Customer A | Customer risk | ||||||
| Concentration of credit risk | ||||||
| Accounts receivable and contract assets | $ 50,555,309 | $ 24,387,044 | ||||
| ||||||
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount due from customers and contract with customer assets, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer), for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, reduced to the estimated net realizable fair value by an allowance established by the entity of the amount it deems uncertain of collection. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the amount of changes in allowance of doubtful accounts receivable due to foreign exchange. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of valuation allowance for other receivables in prepaid expenses and other current assets due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the maturity term of the customer deposits, which are refundable after the maturity period. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents amount of rebates or discounts granted to advertisers. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents amount of rebates or discounts given to real estate brokers. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition For an unclassified balance sheet, a valuation allowance for receivables due a company that are expected to be uncollectible. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of direct write-downs of accounts receivable charged against the allowance. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Fair value portion of probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of right to consideration in exchange for good or service transferred to customer when right is conditioned on something other than passage of time, classified as current. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized and unrealized gain recognized in the income statement. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized and unrealized loss recognized in the income statement. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Fair value of financial and nonfinancial obligations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The total expense recognized in the period for promotion, public relations, and brand or product advertising. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of reporting units tested for impairment of goodwill. A reporting unit is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The total amount of other operating income, the components of which are not separately disclosed on the income statement, from items that are associated with the entity's normal revenue producing operation. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Describes the periods of time over which an entity anticipates to receive utility from its property, plant and equipment (that is, the periods of time over which an entity allocates the initial cost of its property, plant and equipment). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of expense related to write-down of receivables to the amount expected to be collected. Includes, but is not limited to, accounts receivable and notes receivable. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Indicates (true false) whether practical expedient was elected not to disclose amount of transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligation and explanation of expected timing of revenue recognition for reporting period presented prior to date of initial application under retrospective method. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Summary of Principal Accounting Policies - Loss Per Share (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| Loss per share | |||
| Net loss attributable to Leju ordinary shareholders-basic and diluted | $ (13,480,527) | $ (160,901,216) | $ (9,788,839) |
| Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding-basic (in shares) | 135,763,962 | 135,708,350 | 135,220,210 |
| Weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding-diluted (in shares) | 135,763,962 | 135,708,350 | 135,220,210 |
| Basic loss per share (in dollars per share) | $ (0.10) | $ (1.19) | $ (0.07) |
| Diluted loss per share (in dollars per share) | $ (0.10) | $ (1.19) | $ (0.07) |
| Share options and restricted shares | |||
| Antidilutive instruments excluded from computation of diluted loss per share | |||
| Antidilutive securities excluded from computation of diluted loss per share | 13,776,043 | 8,818,877 | 7,746,383 |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Summary of Principal Accounting Policies - Recently issued accounting pronouncements (Details) - ASU 2016-02 - Restatement Adjustment $ in Millions |
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
|
|---|---|
| Recently issued accounting pronouncements | |
| Right-of-use asset | $ 36.3 |
| Lease liability | $ 36.3 |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Business Acquisition (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
May 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
|
| Business Acquisition | ||||
| Goodwill | $ 39,018,058 | $ 39,807,243 | ||
| Amortization period | 5 years 18 days | |||
| Live-broadcasting App with related assets | Yunchuang | ||||
| Business Acquisition | ||||
| Goodwill | $ 1,927,500 | |||
| Deferred tax liabilities | (1,357,500) | |||
| Total purchase price | 6,000,000 | |||
| Live-broadcasting App with related assets | Yunchuang | Software | ||||
| Business Acquisition | ||||
| Software | $ 5,430,000 | |||
| Amortization period | 3 years |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable temporary differences assumed at the acquisition date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The amount of identifiable intangible assets recognized as of the acquisition date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount recognized for assets, including goodwill, in excess of (less than) the aggregate liabilities assumed. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Remaining amortization period of finite-lived intangible assets, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Property and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||
| Property and equipment, gross | $ 24,525,444 | $ 28,531,112 | ||||
| Accumulated depreciation | (10,467,117) | (14,290,992) | ||||
| Property and equipment, net | 14,058,327 | 14,240,120 | [1] | |||
| Depreciation expenses | 2,465,421 | 3,078,955 | $ 2,579,726 | |||
| Furniture, fixtures and equipment | ||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||
| Property and equipment, gross | 11,292,451 | 12,886,210 | ||||
| Leasehold improvements | ||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||
| Property and equipment, gross | 2,766,337 | 6,459,239 | ||||
| Buildings | ||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||
| Property and equipment, gross | 9,388,136 | 7,517,133 | ||||
| Motor vehicles | ||||||
| Property and equipment, net | ||||||
| Property and equipment, gross | $ 1,078,520 | $ 1,668,530 | ||||
| ||||||
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization for physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The amount of expense recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives. Includes production and non-production related depreciation. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount before accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Intangible Assets, Net (Details) - USD ($) |
1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mar. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | |||||||
| Intangible assets subject to amortization | $ 212,456,156 | $ 212,685,125 | |||||
| Intangible assets subject to amortization, net | 57,401,177 | 70,631,146 | |||||
| Total intangible assets, net | $ 57,401,177 | 70,631,146 | [1] | ||||
| Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period | 5 years 18 days | ||||||
| Amortization expenses | $ 13,239,962 | 13,465,713 | $ 12,426,950 | ||||
| Expected amortization expenses | |||||||
| 2019 | 12,718,595 | ||||||
| 2020 | 11,243,687 | ||||||
| 2021 | 10,561,945 | ||||||
| 2022 | 10,558,496 | ||||||
| 2023 | 10,558,496 | ||||||
| SINA | Advertising agency agreement and license agreements | |||||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | |||||||
| Percentage of revenue fee on sales | 15.00% | ||||||
| Extension term of agreement | 5 years | ||||||
| Additional consideration upon extension term of agreement | $ 0 | ||||||
| Advertising agency agreement | SINA | |||||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | |||||||
| Intangible assets subject to amortization | 106,790,000 | 106,790,000 | |||||
| Less: Accumulated amortization | $ 75,506,228 | 69,451,305 | |||||
| Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period | 5 years 3 months | ||||||
| License agreements | SINA | |||||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | |||||||
| Intangible assets subject to amortization | $ 80,660,000 | 80,660,000 | |||||
| Less: Accumulated amortization | $ 57,391,831 | 52,888,314 | |||||
| Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period | 5 years 3 months | ||||||
| Customer relationship | |||||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | |||||||
| Intangible assets subject to amortization | $ 10,312,159 | 10,512,212 | |||||
| Less: Accumulated amortization | $ 10,050,553 | 9,798,432 | |||||
| Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period | 11 months 5 days | ||||||
| Database license | |||||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | |||||||
| Intangible assets subject to amortization | $ 8,300,000 | 8,300,000 | |||||
| Less: Accumulated amortization | $ 8,300,000 | 8,055,884 | |||||
| Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period | 0 years | ||||||
| Computer software licenses | |||||||
| Intangible Assets, Net | |||||||
| Intangible assets subject to amortization | $ 6,393,997 | 6,422,913 | |||||
| Less: Accumulated amortization | $ 3,806,367 | $ 1,860,044 | |||||
| Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period | 1 year 4 months 10 days | ||||||
| |||||||
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the additional consideration required for extension term of the agreement entered into by the entity and one of its related party. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the extension term of the agreement entered into by the entity and one of its related party. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the percentage of revenue fee on sales. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The aggregate expense charged against earnings to allocate the cost of intangible assets (nonphysical assets not used in production) in a systematic and rational manner to the periods expected to benefit from such assets. As a noncash expense, this element is added back to net income when calculating cash provided by or used in operations using the indirect method. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Accumulated amount of amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of amortization expense for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life expected to be recognized during the next fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of amortization expense for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life expected to be recognized during the fifth fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of amortization expense for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life expected to be recognized during the fourth fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of amortization expense for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life expected to be recognized during the third fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of amortization expense for assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life expected to be recognized during the second fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount before amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount after amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Remaining amortization period of finite-lived intangible assets, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
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| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) |
3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|---|
Jun. 30, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill | |||
| Balance as of January 1 | $ 39,018,058 | $ 39,807,243 | |
| Goodwill recognized upon acquisition (Note 3) | 1,927,500 | ||
| Impairment | (41,222,971) | 0 | |
| Exchange rate translation | $ 277,413 | (789,185) | |
| Balance as of December 31 | $ 39,018,058 | ||
| Percentage of decline in stock price (as a percent) | 43.00% | ||
| Discount rate | Level 3 | |||
| Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill | |||
| Measurement input | 16.00% | ||
| Terminal growth rate | Level 3 | |||
| Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill | |||
| Measurement input | 3.00% | ||
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The percentage of decline in its stock price. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Input value used in the valuation model to estimate the fair value of the reporting unit. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount after accumulated impairment loss of an asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of increase in asset representing future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized resulting from a business combination. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of foreign currency translation gain (loss) which increases (decreases) an asset representing future economic benefits from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of loss from the write-down of an asset representing the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired in a business combination that are not individually identified and separately recognized. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Other Income (loss), Net (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| Other Income (loss), Net | |||
| Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities | $ (606,635) | $ 911,873 | $ 180,112 |
| Foreign exchange gain (loss) | (3,800,728) | (619,269) | 64,650 |
| Others | 188,170 | 187,891 | 374,988 |
| Total | $ (4,219,193) | $ 480,495 | $ 619,750 |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount before tax of foreign currency transaction realized and unrealized gain (loss) recognized in the income statement. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of unrealized gain (loss) on investment in marketable security. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of income related to nonoperating activities, classified as other. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of income (expense) related to nonoperating activities, classified as other. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
Income Tax - Income Tax and Deferred Tax Asset and Liabilities Components (Details) |
12 Months Ended | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2018
CNY (¥)
|
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2017
USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2016
USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2015
USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2014 |
|
| Income Tax | ||||||
| PRC | $ (2,917,703) | $ (133,775,542) | $ 8,742,444 | |||
| Outside of PRC | (11,189,386) | (48,379,927) | (22,186,499) | |||
| Loss before taxes and loss from equity in affiliates | (14,107,089) | (182,155,469) | (13,444,055) | |||
| PRC | 307,689 | 4,059,702 | 13,331,921 | |||
| Outside of PRC | 1,667 | 6,713 | 16,686 | |||
| Current income taxes expenses (benefits) | 309,356 | 4,066,415 | 13,348,607 | |||
| PRC | (1,643,696) | (24,394,667) | (15,416,346) | |||
| Deferred income taxes expenses (benefits) | (1,643,696) | (24,394,667) | (15,416,346) | |||
| Income tax benefits | $ (1,334,340) | $ (20,328,252) | $ (2,067,739) | |||
| Statutory tax rate (as a percent) | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% | ||
| Deferred tax assets: | ||||||
| Accrued salary expenses | $ 7,632,385 | $ 9,165,743 | ||||
| Bad debt provision | 4,548,846 | 5,456,916 | ||||
| Net operating loss carry forwards | 44,672,205 | 38,433,490 | ||||
| Advertising expenses | 5,750,479 | 14,315,500 | ||||
| Others | 232,837 | 314,127 | ||||
| Gross deferred tax assets | 62,836,752 | 67,685,776 | ||||
| Valuation allowance | (480,689) | (602,135) | $ (192,536) | $ (654,267) | ||
| Total deferred tax assets | 62,356,063 | 67,083,641 | ||||
| Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||||
| Intangible assets from acquisition and other assets | 14,779,770 | 18,016,186 | ||||
| Total deferred tax liabilities | $ 14,779,770 | $ 18,016,186 | ||||
| PRC | ||||||
| Income Tax | ||||||
| Period of statute of limitations | 3 years | 3 years | ||||
| Period of statute of limitations, if the underpayment is more than the specified amount | 5 years | 5 years | ||||
| Minimum amount of underpayment of taxes for statute of limitations to be extended to five years | ¥ 100,000 | $ 14,571 | ||||
| Period of statute of limitations for transfer pricing issues | 10 years | 10 years | ||||
| PRC | Shanghai SINA Leju | High and new technology enterprise | Tax year 2015 through 2017 | ||||||
| Income Tax | ||||||
| Preferential tax rate (as a percent) | 15.00% | 15.00% | ||||
| PRC | Shanghai SINA Leju | High and new technology enterprise | Tax year 2018 through 2020 | ||||||
| Income Tax | ||||||
| Preferential tax rate (as a percent) | 15.00% | 15.00% | ||||
| PRC | Shanghai Fangxin information technology Co., Ltd. | Software Enterprise | Tax year 2014 through 2016 | ||||||
| Income Tax | ||||||
| Reduction in tax for the year following the exemption period (as a percent) | 50.00% | 50.00% | 50.00% | |||
| Preferential tax rate (as a percent) | 12.50% | 12.50% | 12.50% | |||
| Hong Kong | ||||||
| Income Tax | ||||||
| Tax rate (as a percent) | 16.50% | 16.50% | ||||
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences from fees for advertisements. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable temporary differences from acquisition of intangible assets and other assets. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the percentage by which the tax rate is reduced for the year following the initial exemption period. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the statutory corporate income tax rate in the foreign jurisdiction. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the preferential tax rate applicable to the entity under the preferential tax treatment. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the minimum amount of underpayment of taxes for statute of limitations to be extended to five years. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the period of statute of limitations for transfer pricing issues. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the period of statute of limitations for underpayment of taxes which is due to computation errors made by the taxpayer or the withholding agent. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the period of statute of limitations for underpayment of taxes of more than the specified amount. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of current federal tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of current foreign income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of deferred federal income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to income (loss) from continuing operations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount after allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible operating loss carryforwards. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount, before allocation of valuation allowance, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences, classified as other. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences from accrued liabilities. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences from the allowance for doubtful accounts. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences without jurisdictional netting. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of domestic federal statutory tax rate applicable to pretax income (loss). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The portion of earnings or loss from continuing operations before income taxes that is attributable to domestic operations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The portion of earnings or loss from continuing operations before income taxes that is attributable to foreign operations, which is defined as Income or Loss generated from operations located outside the entity's country of domicile. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations before deduction of income tax expense (benefit) and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest, and addition of income (loss) from equity method investments. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Income Tax - Valuation Allowance, Tax Rate Reconciliation, Tax Holiday (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| Movement of the valuation allowance | |||
| Balance at beginning of the year | $ (602,135) | $ (192,536) | $ (654,267) |
| Additions | (490,152) | (686) | |
| Write off | 96,091 | 103,968 | 409,467 |
| Changes due to exchange rate translation | 25,355 | (23,415) | 52,950 |
| Balance at end of the year | $ (480,689) | $ (602,135) | $ (192,536) |
| Income Tax | |||
| Cumulative loss incurred period as significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated | 3 years | ||
| Reconciliation between the provision for income tax computed by applying the statutory tax rate to income before income taxes and the actual provision for income taxes | |||
| PRC income tax rate (as a percent) | 25.00% | 25.00% | 25.00% |
| Goodwill impairment not deductible for tax purposes (as a percent) | (5.66%) | ||
| Share based compensation expenses not deductible for tax purposes (as a percent) | (7.19%) | (0.48%) | (19.17%) |
| Other expenses not deductible for tax purposes (as a percent) | (2.26%) | (0.27%) | (4.30%) |
| Effect of tax holiday (as a percent) | 1.18% | (5.46%) | 5.19% |
| Effect of different tax rate of subsidiary operation in other jurisdiction (as a percent) | (6.58%) | (0.59%) | (2.11%) |
| Effect of different tax rate of DTA and DTL applied (as a percent) | 17.58% | ||
| Valuation allowance movement (as a percent) | (0.27%) | (0.01%) | |
| Withholding tax (as a percent) | (0.69%) | (1.11%) | (6.80%) |
| Income tax rate (as a percent) | 9.46% | 11.16% | 15.38% |
| Aggregate amount and per share effect of the tax holiday | |||
| The aggregate dollar effect | $ 166,874 | $ 697,559 | |
| Per share effect-basic (in dollars per share) | $ 0.00 | $ 0.01 | |
| Per share effect-diluted (in dollars per share) | $ 0.00 | $ 0.01 | |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the cumulative loss incurred period as significant piece of objective negative evidence evaluated. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents information pertaining to increase or (decrease) of deferred tax valuation allowance. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the information pertaining to exchange effects to deferred tax valuation allowance. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents about deferred tax assets valuation allowance write-off. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pre-tax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to income exempt from income tax because of withholding tax. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The aggregate amount of income tax expense from the tax holiday. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the per share basic amount effect of the income tax benefit resulting from the income tax holidays granted by taxing jurisdictions. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the per share diluted amount effect of the income tax benefit resulting from the income tax holidays granted by taxing jurisdictions. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of domestic federal statutory tax rate applicable to pretax income (loss). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to changes in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to changes in the income tax rates. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations applicable to statutory income tax expense (benefit) outside of the country of domicile. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to impairment loss. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to other nondeductible expenses. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to equity-based compensation costs. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Percentage of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to income exempt from income tax because of a tax holiday. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
Income Tax - Tax carry forwards, Unrecognized Deferred Tax Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
|
| Income Tax | ||
| Tax operating loss carry forwards | $ 207,795,259 | $ 188,155,208 |
| PRC | ||
| Income Tax | ||
| Undistributed earnings | 92,757,472 | |
| Provision for Chinese dividend withholding taxes | $ 0 | |
| Preferential withholding tax rate (as a percent) | 5.00% | |
| PRC | Minimum | ||
| Income Tax | ||
| Deferred income tax liability for the undistributed earnings | $ 4,637,874 | |
| Withholding income tax rate for dividends distributed (as a percent) | 5.00% | |
| PRC | Maximum | ||
| Income Tax | ||
| Deferred income tax liability for the undistributed earnings | $ 9,275,747 | |
| Withholding income tax rate for dividends distributed (as a percent) | 10.00% |
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the preferential withholding tax rate applicable to the entity under the preferential tax treatment. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the amount of provision made for Chinese dividend withholding taxes. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the withholding tax rate for dividends distributed by a resident enterprise to its immediate holding outside the country of domicile. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of deferred tax liability not recognized because of the exceptions to comprehensive recognition of deferred taxes related to undistributed earnings of domestic subsidiaries. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of operating loss carryforward, before tax effects, available to reduce future taxable income under enacted tax laws. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of undistributed earnings of domestic subsidiaries or domestic joint ventures intended to be permanent. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Share-Based Compensation - Share Incentive Plan, Share Options, Binomial Model Assumptions (Details) - USD ($) |
1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 01, 2016 |
Nov. 30, 2013 |
Aug. 31, 2013 |
Nov. 30, 2012 |
Oct. 31, 2010 |
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2006 |
|
| Leju Plan | ||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | ||||||||||
| Increase percentage of the then total outstanding shares on an as-converted fully diluted basis | 5.00% | |||||||||
| Number of ordinary shares increased | 7,553,422 | |||||||||
| Expiration period | 10 years | |||||||||
| Leju Plan | Maximum | ||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | ||||||||||
| Number of shares that may be issued as a percentage of total outstanding shares | 8.00% | |||||||||
| Leju Plan | Employees Share Options | ||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | ||||||||||
| Exercise price of shares granted (in dollars per share) | $ 1.43 | |||||||||
| Assumptions used in the binomial model | ||||||||||
| Risk-free rate of return (as a percent) | 2.96% | 2.61% | ||||||||
| Contractual life of option | 10 years | 10 years | ||||||||
| Estimated volatility rate (as a percent) | 66.34% | 65.64% | ||||||||
| Dividend yield (as a percent) | 1.00% | 1.00% | ||||||||
| Leju Plan | Employees Share Options | Group's employees | ||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | ||||||||||
| Options granted for purchase of shares | 5,968,000 | 2,135,000 | 0 | |||||||
| Exercise price of shares granted (in dollars per share) | $ 3.24 | |||||||||
| Expiration period | 10 years | 10 years | ||||||||
| Award vesting period | 3 years | 3 years | ||||||||
| Leju Plan | Employees Share Options | Minimum | Group's employees | ||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | ||||||||||
| Exercise price of shares granted (in dollars per share) | $ 1.41 | |||||||||
| Leju Plan | Employees Share Options | Maximum | Group's employees | ||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | ||||||||||
| Exercise price of shares granted (in dollars per share) | $ 1.55 | |||||||||
| Leju Plan | Restricted Shares | ||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | ||||||||||
| Restricted shares granted | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||||
| Omnigold Plan | ||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | ||||||||||
| Increase percentage of the then total outstanding shares on an as-converted fully diluted basis | 5.00% | |||||||||
| Number of shares authorized | 5,000,000 | |||||||||
| Omnigold Plan | Employees Share Options | Group's employees | ||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | ||||||||||
| Expiration period | 10 years | |||||||||
| Award vesting period | 3 years | |||||||||
| E-House Plan | ||||||||||
| Share-Based Compensation | ||||||||||
| Expiration period | 10 years | |||||||||
| Number of shares authorized | 3,636,364 | |||||||||
| Number of shares that may be issued as a percentage of total outstanding shares | 5.00% | |||||||||
| Award grant period | 3 years | |||||||||
| Additional number of shares authorized | 6,644,659 | 1,273,000 | 4,013,619 | |||||||
| Transitional corporate service fees | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 1,254,915 | |||||||
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the award grant period, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The maximum number of shares (or other type of equity) approved (usually by shareholders and board of directors) for awards under the equity-based compensation plan as a percentage of the total outstanding shares. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Increase percentage of then then total outstanding shares on an as-converted fully diluted basis. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of shares increased under the share-based compensation plan during the reporting period. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the amount of share based compensation expense was recorded as the transitional corporate service fees charged during the period. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Period which an employee's right to exercise an award is no longer contingent on satisfaction of either a service condition, market condition or a performance condition, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The number of grants made during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The estimated dividend rate (a percentage of the share price) to be paid (expected dividends) to holders of the underlying shares over the option's term. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The estimated measure of the percentage by which a share price is expected to fluctuate during a period. Volatility also may be defined as a probability-weighted measure of the dispersion of returns about the mean. The volatility of a share price is the standard deviation of the continuously compounded rates of return on the share over a specified period. That is the same as the standard deviation of the differences in the natural logarithms of the stock prices plus dividends, if any, over the period. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The risk-free interest rate assumption that is used in valuing an option on its own shares. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of additional shares authorized for issuance under an established share-based compensation plan. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The maximum number of shares (or other type of equity) originally approved (usually by shareholders and board of directors), net of any subsequent amendments and adjustments, for awards under the equity-based compensation plan. As stock or unit options and equity instruments other than options are awarded to participants, the shares or units remain authorized and become reserved for issuance under outstanding awards (not necessarily vested). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Gross number of share options (or share units) granted during the period. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Weighted average per share amount at which grantees can acquire shares of common stock by exercise of options. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Period from grant date that an equity-based award expires, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Expected term of share-based compensation awards, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Share-Based Compensation - Options (Details) - Employees Share Options - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| Leju Plan | |||
| Number of Options | |||
| Outstanding at beginning of the year (in shares) | 8,818,877 | ||
| Granted (in shares) | 5,968,000 | ||
| Exercised (in shares) | 0 | 0 | (66,424) |
| Forfeited (in shares) | (1,010,834) | ||
| Outstanding at end of the year (in shares) | 13,776,043 | 8,818,877 | |
| Vested and expected to vest at end of the year (in shares) | 13,037,961 | ||
| Exercisable at end of the year (in shares) | 6,987,488 | ||
| Weighted Average Exercise Price | |||
| Outstanding at beginning of the year (in dollars per share) | $ 4.69 | ||
| Granted (in dollars per share) | 1.43 | ||
| Forfeited (in dollars per share) | 3.81 | ||
| Outstanding at end of the year (in dollars per share) | 3.34 | $ 4.69 | |
| Vested and expected to vest at end of the year (in dollars per share) | 3.43 | ||
| Exercisable at end of the year (in dollars per share) | $ 4.89 | ||
| Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term | |||
| Outstanding at end of the year | 7 years 5 months 16 days | 7 years 26 days | |
| Vested and expected to vest at end of the year | 7 years 4 months 10 days | ||
| Exercisable at end of the year | 5 years 8 months 27 days | ||
| Aggregate Intrinsic Value of Options | |||
| Exercised | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 43,253 |
| Additional disclosure | |||
| Weighted-average grant-date fair value of options granted (in dollars per share) | $ 0.75 | $ 1.75 | |
| Compensation expense | $ 4,010,147 | $ 2,674,454 | 5,576,034 |
| Deemed distribution | 0 | $ 78,245 | $ 883,286 |
| Total unrecognized compensation expense | $ 4,537,362 | ||
| Weighted-average period over which cost is expected to be recognized | 2 years 26 days | ||
| Omnigold Plan | |||
| Number of Options | |||
| Outstanding at beginning of the year (in shares) | 2,055,000 | ||
| Granted (in shares) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Exercised (in shares) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Forfeited (in shares) | (1,120,000) | ||
| Outstanding at end of the year (in shares) | 935,000 | 2,055,000 | |
| Vested and expected to vest at end of the year (in shares) | 935,000 | ||
| Exercisable at end of the year (in shares) | 935,000 | ||
| Weighted Average Exercise Price | |||
| Outstanding at beginning of the year (in dollars per share) | $ 1.50 | ||
| Forfeited (in dollars per share) | 1.50 | ||
| Outstanding at end of the year (in dollars per share) | 1.50 | $ 1.50 | |
| Vested and expected to vest at end of the year (in dollars per share) | 1.50 | ||
| Exercisable at end of the year (in dollars per share) | $ 1.50 | ||
| Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term | |||
| Outstanding at end of the year | 6 years 7 months 10 days | 7 years 7 months 10 days | |
| Vested and expected to vest at end of the year | 6 years 7 months 10 days | ||
| Exercisable at end of the year | 6 years 7 months 10 days | ||
| Additional disclosure | |||
| Compensation expense | $ 48,215 | $ 183,687 | $ 226,951 |
| Total unrecognized compensation expense | $ 0 | ||
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the amount of deemed distribution made for the shares granted. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the expense recognized during the period arising from equity-based compensation arrangements (for example, shares of stock, unit, stock options or other equity instruments) with employees, directors and certain consultants qualifying for treatment as employees. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Unrecognized cost of unvested share-based compensation awards. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Weighted average period over which unrecognized compensation is expected to be recognized for equity-based compensation plans, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The number of shares into which fully or partially vested stock options outstanding as of the balance sheet date can be currently converted under the option plan. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The weighted-average price as of the balance sheet date at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance on vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable under the stock option plan. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of accumulated difference between fair value of underlying shares on dates of exercise and exercise price on options exercised (or share units converted) into shares. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The number of shares under options that were cancelled during the reporting period as a result of occurrence of a terminating event specified in contractual agreements pertaining to the stock option plan. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Net number of share options (or share units) granted during the period. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted during the reporting period as calculated by applying the disclosed option pricing methodology. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of options outstanding, including both vested and non-vested options. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition A roll forward is a reconciliation of a concept from the beginning of a period to the end of a period. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Weighted average price at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance under the stock option plan. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding that can be converted into shares under option plan. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Weighted-average exercise price, at which grantee can acquire shares reserved for issuance, for fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Weighted average price at which grantees could have acquired the underlying shares with respect to stock options that were terminated. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Weighted average per share amount at which grantees can acquire shares of common stock by exercise of options. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Weighted average remaining contractual term for vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable or convertible, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Weighted average remaining contractual term for option awards outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Weighted average remaining contractual term for fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Share-Based Compensation - Restricted Shares (Details) - Leju Plan - Restricted Shares - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| Additional disclosure | |||
| Restricted shares granted | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total grant date fair value of restricted shares vested | $ 0 | $ 2,948,837 | $ 3,737,772 |
| Compensation expense | 0 | 666,723 | 3,248,658 |
| Deemed distribution | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 34,594 |
| Restricted shares | 0 | 0 | |
| Unrecognized compensation expense | $ 0 | $ 0 | |
| Number of shares, outstanding | 0 | 0 | |
| Number of shares, exercisable | 0 | 0 | |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the amount of deemed distribution made for the shares granted. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of equity instruments other than options Exercisable, including both vested and non-vested instruments. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the expense recognized during the period arising from equity-based compensation arrangements (for example, shares of stock, unit, stock options or other equity instruments) with employees, directors and certain consultants qualifying for treatment as employees. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Unrecognized cost of unvested share-based compensation awards. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The number of grants made during the period on other than stock (or unit) option plans (for example, phantom stock or unit plan, stock or unit appreciation rights plan, performance target plan). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition The number of non-vested equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that validly exist and are outstanding as of the balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Fair value of share-based awards for which the grantee gained the right by satisfying service and performance requirements, to receive or retain shares or units, other instruments, or cash. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Number of equity instruments other than options outstanding, including both vested and non-vested instruments. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Share-Based Compensation - Other Equity Compensation (Details) - Certain employee shareholders - USD ($) |
1 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| Other Equity Compensation | ||||
| Compensation expense | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 1,603,805 | |
| Recognition period of stock based compensation expense | 2 years | |||
| Unrecognized compensation expense | $ 4,276,810 | $ 0 | $ 0 | $ 0 |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the expense recognized during the period arising from equity-based compensation arrangements (for example, shares of stock, unit, stock options or other equity instruments) with employees, directors and certain consultants qualifying for treatment as employees. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Unrecognized cost of unvested share-based compensation awards. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Weighted average period over which unrecognized compensation is expected to be recognized for equity-based compensation plans, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Employee Benefit Plans (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| Employee Benefit Plans | |||
| Contribution by group | $ 15,096,793 | $ 21,542,245 | $ 22,350,656 |
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of cost for defined contribution plan. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
Distribution of Profits (Details) - PRC - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | |
|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
|
| Distribution of profits | ||
| Minimum percentage of after-tax profit transferred by subsidiaries and VIEs to fund a statutory reserve | 10.00% | |
| Threshold percentage of after-tax income required to be appropriated towards reserve until the reserve balance reaches a specified percentage of the registered capital | 50.00% | |
| Reserve fund | $ 9,092,951 | $ 8,776,513 |
| Restricted net assets | 34,881,491 | |
| VIEs | ||
| Distribution of profits | ||
| Restricted net assets of subsidiaries and VIEs attributed to general reserve and registered capital | $ 8,560,025 |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the amount of restricted net assets of consolidated VIEs attributed to general reserve and registered capital as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the minimum percentage of after-tax profit transferred by subsidiaries and VIEs to statutory reserve fund. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the threshold percentage of after-tax income required to be appropriated towards reserve until the reserve balance reaches a specified percentage of the registered capital. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents the amount of statutory reserve fund as of the balance sheet date. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount of restricted net assets of consolidated and unconsolidated subsidiaries as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal year. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Segment Information (Details) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Dec. 31, 2018
USD ($)
customer
|
Dec. 31, 2017
USD ($)
customer
|
Dec. 31, 2016
USD ($)
customer
|
|
| Revenue information of the Group | |||
| Revenues | $ 462,030,656 | $ 362,532,033 | $ 559,511,110 |
| Revenue | Customer risk | |||
| Revenue information of the Group | |||
| Number of customers | customer | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| E-commerce | |||
| Revenue information of the Group | |||
| Revenues | $ 320,271,080 | $ 234,835,770 | $ 419,023,733 |
| Online advertising | |||
| Revenue information of the Group | |||
| Revenues | 138,371,646 | 113,235,010 | 117,948,842 |
| Listing | |||
| Revenue information of the Group | |||
| Revenues | $ 3,387,930 | $ 14,461,253 | $ 22,538,535 |
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Represents number of customers. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Amount, excluding tax collected from customer, of revenue from satisfaction of performance obligation by transferring promised good or service to customer. Tax collected from customer is tax assessed by governmental authority that is both imposed on and concurrent with specific revenue-producing transaction, including, but not limited to, sales, use, value added and excise. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
| X | ||||||||||
- Details
|
Related Party Balances and Transactions (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Loan from E-House | $ 89,462,593 | |||||||
| Repayment loan to E-House | $ 1,862,593 | 87,600,000 | ||||||
| Amounts due from related parties | $ 6,694,579 | $ 4,077,008 | [1] | |||||
| Amounts due to related parties | 3,477,193 | 3,092,870 | [1] | |||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Loan from E-House | 89,462,593 | |||||||
| Repayment of loan to E-House | (1,862,593) | (87,600,000) | ||||||
| E-House | ||||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Corporate service provided by E-House under service agreements | $ 1,942,495 | 5,447,864 | 8,585,821 | |||||
| Total services purchased from related parties | 1,950,976 | 6,473,108 | 3,570,474 | |||||
| Total online advertising services provided to related parties | 126,168 | 94,548 | ||||||
| Compensation from E-House | 3,425,741 | |||||||
| Loan from E-House | 0 | 0 | 89,462,593 | |||||
| Repayment loan to E-House | 1,862,593 | 87,600,000 | ||||||
| Amounts due from related parties | 894,222 | |||||||
| Amounts due to related parties | 1,376,955 | |||||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Balance at beginning of the year | 1,376,955 | (6,019,121) | 7,783,911 | |||||
| Loan from E-House | 0 | 0 | 89,462,593 | |||||
| Repayment of loan to E-House | (1,862,593) | (87,600,000) | ||||||
| Receivable from E-House Enterprise | 466,722 | |||||||
| Corporate service provided by E-House under service agreements | 1,942,495 | 5,447,864 | 8,585,821 | |||||
| Service provided to E-House | (126,168) | (94,548) | ||||||
| Compensation from E-House | (3,425,741) | |||||||
| Service purchased from E-House | 1,950,976 | 6,473,108 | 3,570,474 | |||||
| Net payment | (3,205,629) | (2,536,135) | (27,727,372) | |||||
| Balance at end of the year | (894,222) | 1,376,955 | (6,019,121) | |||||
| Amount due to/(from) E-House | ||||||||
| Payable / (receivable) for service fee | (894,222) | 1,376,955 | ||||||
| Amounts due to/(from) E-House | 1,376,955 | (6,019,121) | 7,783,911 | (894,222) | 1,376,955 | |||
| SINA | ||||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Online advertising resources fee recognized as cost of revenues purchased | 19,828,784 | 15,629,868 | 9,841,434 | |||||
| Total online advertising services provided to related parties | 1,441 | |||||||
| Amounts due to related parties | 2,189,086 | 1,641,198 | ||||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Service provided to E-House | (1,441) | |||||||
| CRERAT | ||||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Total services purchased from related parties | 56,928 | |||||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Service purchased from E-House | 56,928 | |||||||
| Yicang | ||||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Total services purchased from related parties | 9,438 | 185,632 | ||||||
| Amounts due to related parties | 1,266 | 74,717 | ||||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Service purchased from E-House | 9,438 | 185,632 | ||||||
| Yunchuang | ||||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Total services purchased from related parties | 17,216 | 55,018 | ||||||
| Business acquisition from Yunchuang | 6,000,000 | |||||||
| Amounts due from related parties | 42,497 | |||||||
| Amounts due to related parties | $ 7,450 | |||||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Service purchased from E-House | 17,216 | 55,018 | ||||||
| BaoKu | ||||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Total services purchased from related parties | 7,454 | |||||||
| Total online advertising services provided to related parties | 7,752 | |||||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Service provided to E-House | (7,752) | |||||||
| Service purchased from E-House | 7,454 | |||||||
| BaoKu I&T | ||||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Total online advertising services provided to related parties | 140,639 | |||||||
| Amounts due from related parties | 291,392 | |||||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Service provided to E-House | (140,639) | |||||||
| QuanZhuYi | ||||||||
| Related Party Balances and Transactions | ||||||||
| Equity interest (as a percent) | 13.50% | |||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Total online advertising services provided to related parties | 23,603 | |||||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Service provided to E-House | (23,603) | |||||||
| Total amount of transactions with related parties | ||||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Total services purchased from related parties | 51,743,250 | 44,407,900 | 22,062,111 | |||||
| Total online advertising services provided to related parties | 5,329,768 | 149,771 | 244,380 | |||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Service provided to E-House | (5,329,768) | (149,771) | (244,380) | |||||
| Service purchased from E-House | 51,743,250 | 44,407,900 | $ 22,062,111 | |||||
| Jupai | ||||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Total services purchased from related parties | 236,432 | 267,001 | ||||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Service purchased from E-House | 236,432 | 267,001 | ||||||
| Tencent | ||||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Online advertising resources fee recognized as cost of revenues purchased | 23,488,344 | $ 16,349,409 | ||||||
| Amounts due from related parties | $ 5,800,357 | $ 3,743,119 | ||||||
| E-House Enterprise | ||||||||
| Significant related party transactions | ||||||||
| Total services purchased from related parties | 4,269,565 | |||||||
| Total online advertising services provided to related parties | 1,904,027 | |||||||
| Amounts due to related parties | $ 1,279,391 | |||||||
| Rollforward of the payable (receivable) balance | ||||||||
| Service provided to E-House | (1,904,027) | |||||||
| Service purchased from E-House | $ 4,269,565 | |||||||
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- Definition Amount of accounts payable (receivable) for related parties. No definition available.
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- Definition Amount of selling, general and administrative expenses resulting from transactions under transitional service agreement, excluding transactions that are eliminated in consolidated or combined financial statements, with related party. No definition available.
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- Definition Amount of consideration transferred, consisting of acquisition-date fair value of assets transferred by the acquirer, liabilities incurred by the acquirer, and equity interest issued by the acquirer. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition For an unclassified balance sheet, amounts due from related parties including affiliates, employees, joint ventures, officers and stockholders, immediate families thereof, and pension funds. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition The aggregate amount of receivables to be collected from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth, at the financial statement date. which are usually due within one year (or one business cycle). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties. For classified balance sheets, represents the current portion of such liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer). Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition The percentage of ownership of common stock or equity participation in the investee accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition The cash inflow from a long-term borrowing made from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth. Alternate caption: Proceeds from Advances from Affiliates. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Receivables to be collected from (obligations owed to) related parties, net as of the balance sheet date where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition Expenses recognized resulting from transactions (excluding transactions that are eliminated in consolidated or combined financial statements) with related party. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table. No definition available.
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- Definition Purchases during the period (excluding transactions that are eliminated in consolidated or combined financial statements) with related party. No definition available.
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- Definition Amount of selling, general and administrative expenses resulting from transactions, excluding transactions that are eliminated in consolidated or combined financial statements, with related party. No definition available.
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- Definition The cash outflow for the payment of a long-term borrowing made from a related party where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth. Alternate caption: Payments for Advances from Affiliates. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of revenue, fees and commissions earned from transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiaries; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) an entity and trusts for the benefit of employees, for example, but not limited to, pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of the entity's management; (d) an entity and its principal, owners, management, or members of their immediate families; and (e) affiliates. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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Commitments and Contingencies (Details) - USD ($) |
12 Months Ended | ||
|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 31, 2018 |
Dec. 31, 2017 |
Dec. 31, 2016 |
|
| Operating lease commitments | |||
| Rental expenses | $ 9,900,044 | $ 9,982,604 | $ 9,984,844 |
| Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating lease agreements | |||
| 2019 | 9,497,215 | ||
| 2020 | 8,868,145 | ||
| 2021 | 5,559,309 | ||
| 2022 | 3,881,140 | ||
| 2023 | 3,881,140 | ||
| Then thereafter | 16,608,082 | ||
| Total | $ 48,295,031 | ||
| Minimum | |||
| Operating lease commitments | |||
| Operating lease term | 1 month | ||
| Maximum | |||
| Operating lease commitments | |||
| Operating lease term | 112 months | ||
| X | ||||||||||
- References No definition available.
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- Definition Term of lessee's operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
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- Definition Amount of required minimum rental payments for leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable letter-terms in excess of one year. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- References No definition available.
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- Definition Amount of required minimum rental payments for operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable lease term in excess of one year due in the next fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of required minimum rental payments for operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable lease term in excess of one year due in the fifth fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of required minimum rental payments for operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable lease term in excess of one year due in the fourth fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of required minimum rental payments for operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable lease term in excess of one year due in the third fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of required minimum rental payments for operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable lease term in excess of one year due in the second fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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- Definition Amount of required minimum rental payments for operating leases having an initial or remaining non-cancelable lease term in excess of one year due after the fifth fiscal year following the latest fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest balance sheet date. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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| X | ||||||||||
- Definition Rental expense for the reporting period incurred under operating leases, including minimum and any contingent rent expense, net of related sublease income. Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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